In India recollection of Previous Lives is a common feature in the histories of the saints and heroes of sacred tradition. The doctrine of transmigration, since the later Vedic period, has played such an important part in the history of the national character and religious ideas that even Buddhist literature has included the ages of the past as an authentic background to the founder’s historical life as gautama. Jataka stories or birth-legends were widely known in the third century B.C. The pali work, entitled “The Jataka” contains 537 Birth stories of the Buddha’s former births. Each story, narrated by the Buddha, opens with a preface relating the particular circumstance s in the Buddha’s life, revealing some events in the long series of his precious existences as a bodhisattva. At the end the Buddha identifies the different actors in the story in their present births. These stories magnify the glory of the Buddha and illustrate Buddhist doctrines and precepts by appropriate examples. The foremost interest of these legends lies in their relation to folklore giving a vivid picture of the social life and customs of ancient India.

About the Book:

In India recollection of previous lives is a common feature in the histories of the saints and heroes of sacred tradition. The doctrine of transmigration, since the later Vedic period, has played such an important part in the history of the national character and religious ideas that even Buddhist literature has included the ages of the past as an authentic background to the founder's historical life as Gautama. Jataka stories or birth legends were widely known in the third century B.C. The Pali work, entitled "The Jataka" contains 537 Birth-stories of the Buddha's former births. Each story, narrated by the Buddha, opens with a preface relating the particular circumstances in the Buddha's life, revealing some events in the long series of his previous existences as a bodhisattva. At the end the Buddha identifies the different actors in the story in their present births. These stories magnify the glory of the Buddha and illustrate Buddhist doctrines and precepts by appropriate examples. The foremost interest of these legends lies in their relation to folklore giving a vivid picture of the social life and customs of ancient India.

The famous translations of the Jataka Stories from Pali edited by Prof.E.B. Cowell are now once again being made available to the general public in three volumes.

PREFACE

1. APANNAKA-JATAKA
       (Two merchants travel with caravans across a desert. One, beguiled by goblins, throws away his drinking-water in the desert and is devoured with all his people and cattle; the other completed his journey safety.)
2. VANNUPATHA-JATAKA
       (Travelling across a desert, a caravan through mistake thrown away its water, &c. In their despair the leader has a well dug, till far down water is found, and perseverance saves the caravan from death.)
3. SERIVANIJA-JATAKA
       (Two hawkers are successively offered by its unwitting owners a golden bowl. The greedy hawker over-reaches himself, whilst the honest one is richly-rewarded.)
4. CULLAKA-SETTHI-JATAKA
       (A Young man picks up a dead mouse which he sells, and works up this capital till he becomes rich.)
5. TANDALUNALI-JATAKA
       (An incompetent valuer declares 500 horses worth a measure of rice, which measure of rice in turn he is led to declare worth all Benares.)
6. DEVADHAMMA-JATAKA
       (Two princes going down to a haunted pool are seized by an ogre; the third, by correctly defining 'godlike' saves his brothers.)
7. KATTHAHARI-JATAKA
       (A king refuses to recognize his son by a chance amour; the mother throws the child into the air, praying that, if he be not the king's son, he may be killed by his fall. The child rests in mid-air, and the king recognizes him as his son.)
8. GAMANI-JATAKA
      
9. MAKHADEVA-JATAKA
       (A king, finding a grey hair in his head, renounces his throne to prepare as a hermit for death.)
10. SUKHAVIHARI-JATAKA
        (A king who becomes a Brother proclaims the happiness he has found.)
11. LAKKHANA-JATAKA

12. NIRGRODHAMIGA-JATAKA
        (Deer in a royal park, to avoid being hunted, decide that lots shall be cast to select a daily victim. The lot having fallen on a doe big with young, the king of the deer offers himself as a substitute at the block and saves not only his own life but also the lives of all living creatures.)
13. KANDINA-JATAKA
        (A mountain-stag, enamoured of a doe, is by her allowed to fall a prey to a hunter; the doe escapes.)
14. VATAMIGA-JATAKA
        (By a bait of honeyed grass a wild antelope is lured by slow degrees into a place.)
15. KHARADIYA-JATAKA
        (A deer which would not come to be taught the ruses of deer, is caught in a trap.)
16. TIPALLATTHMIGA-JATAKA
        (A deer which had learnt the ruses of deer, being caught in a snare, effects its escape.)
17. MALUTA-JATAKA
        (A tiger and a lion dispute whether it is the dark or the light half of the month which is cold.)
18. MATAKABHATTA-JATAKA
        (A goat, which was to be sacrificed by a Brahmin, shows signs of great joy and of great sorrow. It explains the reason for each emotion.)
19. AYACITABHATTA-JATAKA
        (Offering sacrifice to get release from a vow, is not true 'Release.')
20. NALAPANA-JATAKA
        (Thirsty monkeys came to a pool haunted by an ogre. Their leader miraculously blows the knots out of canes and with these the monkeys safely slake their thirst.)
21. KURUNGA-JATAKA
        (A hunter up a tree throws down fruits to lure a deer within aim. The deer detects the artifice and escapes.)
22. KUKKURA-JATAKA
        (Carriage-straps having been gnawed by palace dogs, a king orders all other dogs to be killed. The leader of a peck of dogs reveals the truth by causing an emetic to be applied to the royal dogs of the palace.)
23. BHOJAJANIYA-JATAKA
        (A changer falls wounded when his rider has captured six out of seven kings. Seeing that a hack is being saddled in his place, the charger asks to be saddled again, makes a last effort and dies in the hour of victory.)
24. AJANNA-JATAKA
        (A story similar to the above about two chariot horses, one of whom is wounded and is about to be replaced by a sorry beast.)
25. TITTHA-JATAKA
        (A royal refuses to take his bath because a hack had bathed at the spot.)
26. MAHILAMUKHA-JATAKA.
        (An elephent listening to robbers' talk, kills his mahout; by listening to virtuous converse he becomes good again.)
27. ABHINHA-JATAKA
        (An elephant, missing his playmate, the dog, refuses to eat until the dog is restored to him.)
28. NANDIVISALA-JATAKA
        (How by incivil words to his bull a Brahmin lost a bet, which by civility to the animal he afterwards won.)
29. KANHA-JATAKA
        (How a bull drew 500 carts in order to earn money for his poor mistress.)
30. MUNIKA-JATAKA
        (A hard-worked ox is discontented with his own hard fare, when he sees a lazy pig being fattened to be eaten; and the discontented ox accepts his position.)
31. KULAVAKA-JATAKA
        (Through the practice of goodness tending to the diminution of crime in his village, a man is falsely accused by the headman and sentenced to be trampled to death by elephants. The elephants refuse to harm him. Being released, he builds a caravansary, in which good work (against his wish) three out of four of his wives take part. At death he is reborn as Sakka. His three good wives are reborn in heaven. He seeks out the fourth and exhorts her to goodness. As a crane she refuses to eat a fish which shewed signs of life; reborn a woman, she is eventually born a Titan and espoused by Sakka.)
32. NACCA-JATAKA
        (The animals choose kings. The daughter of the king of the birds (the Golden Mallard) chooses the peacock for her husband. In dancing for joy the peacock exposes himself and is rejected.)
33. SAMMODAMANA-JATAKA
        (Quails caught in a net, rise up in a body with the net and escape several times. After a time they quarrel and are caught.)
34. MACCHA-JATAKA
        (An uxorious fish being caught, fears his wife may misconstrue his absence. A Brahmin sets him free.)
35. VATTAKA-JATAKA
        (A baby-quail is about to be engulfed in a jungle-fire, when by an 'Act of Truth' he quenches the flames round him.)
36. SAKUNA-JATAKA
        (A tree in which birds dwell is grinding its boughs together and beginning to smoke. The wise birds fly away; the foolish ones are burnt.)
37. TITTIRA-JATAKA
        (A partridge, a monkey and an elephant living together, decide to obey the senior. To Prove seniority each gives his earliest recollection.)
38. BAKA-JATAKA
        (A crane by pretending that he was taking them to a big lake, devours all the fish of a pond. A wise crab nips the bird's head off.)
39. NANDA-JATAKA
        (How a slave was made to tell where his master's father had buried his hoard.)
40. KHADIRANGARA-JATAKA
        (In order to stop a Treasurer from giving aims to a Pacceka Buddha, Mara interposes a yawing gulf of fire. Undaunted, the Treasurer steps forward, to be borne up by a lotus from which he tenders his aims to Mara's discomfiture.)
41. LOSAKA-JATAKA
        (How a Brother through jealous greed was condemned to rebirths entailing misery and hunger. Finally, when reborn a man, he is deserted by his parents and brings suffering on those around him. On board ship, he has to be cast overboard; on a raft he comes to successive island palaces of goddesses, and eventually to an ogre-island where he seizes the leg of an ogress in form of a goat. She kicks him over the sea to Benares, and he falls among the king's goats. Hoping to get back to the goddesses, he seizes a goat by the leg, only to be seized as a thief and to be condemned to death.)
42. KAPOTA-JATAKA
        (A pigeon lives in a kitchen. A greedy crow makes friends with him, and, being also housed in the kitchen, plans an attack on the victuals. The crow is tortured to death, and the pigeon flies away.)
43. VELUKA-JATAKA
        (A man rears a viper, which in the end kills its benefactor.)
44. MAKASA-JATAKA
        (A mosquito settles on a man's head. To kill it, his foolish son strikes the man's head with an axe with fatal effect.)
45. ROHINI-JATAKA
        (Like the last; a pestle takes the place of the axe.)
46. ARAMADUSAKA-JATAKA
        (Monkeys employed to water a pleasaunce pull up the trees in order to judge by the size of the roots how much water to give. The trees die.)
47. VARUNA-JATAKA
        (Seeing customers whet their thirst with salt, a young potman mixes salt in the spirits for sale.)
48. VEDABBHA-JATAKA
        (Captured by robbers, a Brahmin makes treasure rain from the sky; a second band kills him because he cannot repeat the miracle. Mutual slaughter leaves only two robbers with the treasure. One poisons the other's food and is himself slain by his fellow.)
49. NAKKHATTA-JATAKA
        (A chaplain thwarts a marriage on the ground that the day fixed is unlucky. The bride is given to another.)
50. DUMMEDHA-JUTAKA
        (To put a stop to sacrifices of living creatures, a king vows to offer a holocaust of such as take life, &c. Sacrifices cease.)
51. MAHASILAVA-JATAKA
        (A good king meets evil with good. Refusing to sanction war, he is captured and buried alive in a charnel-grove. How he escapes the jackals, acts as umpire for ogres, and regains his sovereignty.)
52. CULAJANAKA-JATAKA
53. PUNNAPATI-JATAKA
        (Rascals drug spirits for purposes of robbery. Their intended victim discovers the plot became they do not drink the liquor themselves.)
54. PHALA JATAKA
        (How in defiance of warnings greedy fellows ate a poisonous fruit. How their leader knew it must be poisonous though it looked exactly like al mango.)
55. PANCAVUDHA-JATAKA
        (How Prince Five-weapons fought the ogre Hairy-grip, and, though defeated, subdued the ogre by fearlessness.)
56. KANCANAKKHANDHA-JATAKA
        (A farmer finds a heavy nuggest of gold. By cutting it up into four pieces, he is able to carry it away.)
57. VANARINDA-JATAKA
        (How the crocodile lay on a rock to catch the monkey, and how the latter outwitted the crocodile.)
58. TAYODHAMMA-JATAKA
        (A monkey gelds all his male offspring. One escapes; the father, seeking to kill him, sends his son to an ogre-haunted pool. By cleverness the son escapes death.)
59. BHERIVADA-JATAKA
        (A drummer by too much drumming is plundered by robbers in a forest.)
60. SAMKHADHAMANA-JATAKA
        (A similar story about a conch blower.)
61. ASATAMANTA-JATAKA
        (The wickedness of women shewn by the endeavour of a hag to kill her good son in order to facilitate an intrigue with a youth.)
62. ANDABHUTA-JATAKA
        (Another story of the innate wickedness of women. A girl is bred up from infancy among women only, without ever seeing any man but her husband. The story of her intrigue with a lover and of her deceits toward her husband.)
63. TAKKA-JATAKA
        (A wicked princess seduces a hermit who devotes himself to her. Being carried off by a robber chief, she lures the hermit to her new home in order that he may be killed. His goodness saves him and her ingratitude destroys her.)
64. DURAJANA-JATAKA
        (Wives a bar to the higher life.)
65. ANABHIRATI-JATAKA
        (Women common to all.)
66. MUDULAKKHANA-JATAKA
        (How a hermit fell in love and was cured.)
67. UCCHANGA-JATAKA
        (A woman's husband, son and brother are condemned to death. Being offered a choice which she will save, she chooses her brother and gives the reason.)
68. SAKETA-JATAKA
        (Why a Brahmin and his wife claimed the Buddha as their son.)
69. VISAVANTA-JATAKA
        (A viper bites a man and refuses under threat of death to such out the poison.)
70. KUDDALA-JATAKA.
        (Private property a bar to the higher life. Conquest over self the highest conquest. Sakka builds a monastery for a sage and a converted people.)
71. VARNA-JATAKA
        (How a lazy fellow, who picked green boughts for firewood, hurt himself and inconvenienced others.)
72. SILAVANAGA-JITAKA
        (The story of the good elephant and the ungrateful man.)
73. SACCAMKIRA-JATAKA
        (The ingratitude of a prince, and the gratitude of a snake, a rat and a parrot.)
74. RUKKHADHAMMA-JATAKA
        (Union is strength, among trees as among men.)
75. MACCHA-JATAKA
        (How the good fish ended a drought and saved his kinsfolk.)
76. ASMKIYA-JATAKA
        (A caravan is saved by a wakeful hermit from being looted.)
77. MAHASUPINA-JATAKA
        (Sixteen wonderful dreams and their interpretations.)
78. ILLISA-JATAKA
        (How a miser was cured by his father reappearing on earth and distributing the son's wealth in the exact semblance of the son.)
79. KHARASSARA-JATAKA
        (A village headman privily incites robbers to carry off the taxes collected for the king.)
80. BHIMASENA-JATAK
        (A valiant dwarf and a cowardly giant. The dwarf does the work, and the giant gets the credit. The giant's growing pride is brought low in the face of danger; the dwarf is honoured.)
81. SURAPANA-JATAKA
        (The effects of strong drink on hermits.)
82. MITTAVINDA-JATAKA
83. KALAKANNI-JATAKA
        (Not the name but the heart within makes the man.)
84. ATTHASSADVARA-JATAKA
        (The paths to spiritual welfare.)
85. KIMPAKKA-JATAKA
86. SILVIMAMSANA-JATAKA
        (The Brahmin who stole in order to see whether he was esteemed for goodness or otherwise. The good cobra.)
87. MAMGALA-JATAKA
        (The folly of superstitious belief in omens and the like.)
88. SARAMBHA-JATAKA
89. KUHAKA-JATAKA
        (The hypocritical hermit who stole the gold, but punctiliously returned a straw which was not his.)
90. AKATANNU-JATAKA
        (A merchant is befriended by a merchant in another country, but refuses to return the service. The revenge taken by the good merchant's servants.)
91. LITTA-JATAKA
        (A sharper swallows dice which had been poisoned in order to teach him a lesson.)
92. MAHASARA-JATAKA
        (A queen's jewels are stolen by monkeys. Certain innocent persons confess to the theft. How the monkeys are proved to be the real culprits, and how the jewels are recovered.)
93. VISSASABHOJANA-JATAKA
        (A lion's fatal passion for a doe.)
94. LOMAHAMSA-JATAKA
        (The futility of ascetic self-mortification.)
95. MAHASUDASSANA-JATAKA
        (How king Sudassana died.)
96. TELEPATTA-JATAKA
        (A prince wins a kingdom by resisting the fascinations of lovely ogresses. A king who yields, is eaten, with all his household.)
97. NAMASIDDHI-JATAKA
        (Discontented with his name, a youth travels till he learns that the name does not make the man.)
98. KUTAVANIJA-JATAKA
        (A rogue is hidden in a hollow tree, to feign to be the Tree-sprite who is to act as umpire in a dispute. A fire lighted at the bottom of the tree exposes the chest.)
99. PAROSAHASSA-JATAKA
        (A Brahmin dies and states his spiritual attainments in a formula which only one of his pupils understands.)
100. ASTARUPA-JATAKA
         (A beleaguered city is captured by cutting off supplies of water and firewood.)
101. PAROSATA-JATAKA
102. PANNIKA-JATAKA
         (No test his daughter's virtue, a man makes love to her.)
103. VERI-JATAKA
         (A merchant rejoices that he has outstripped robbers and reached his home in safety.)
104. MITTAVINDA-JATAKA
105. DUBBALAKATTHA-JATAKA
         (An elephant having escaped from the trainer's goad, lives in constant dread.)
106. UDANCANI-JATAKA
         (A young hermit, seduced by a girl, is disenchanted by the number of errands she makes him run.)
107. SALITTAKA-JATAKA
         (A skilful marksman reduces a talkative Brahmin to silence by flicking pellets of goat's dung down the latter's throat.)
108. BAHIYA-JATAKA
         (Occasional decency a passport to greatness.)
109. KUNDAKAPUVA-JATAKA
         (A Tree-sprite, whose worshipper feared his gift was too mean, asks for the gift and rewards the poor man by revealing the site of a buried hoard of money.)
110. SABBASAMHARAKA-PANHA
111. GADRABHA-PANHA
112. AMARADEVI-PANHA
113. SINGALA-JATAKA
         (Being belated in a city, a jackal, by a lying promise to reveal buried treasure, induces a Brahmin to carry him safety out of the city. The greedy Brahmin reaps only indignities from the ungrateful beast.)
114. MITACINTI-JATAKA
         (Of three fishes, two through folly are caught in a net; the third and wiser fish rescues them.)
115. ANUSASIKA-JATAKA
         (A greedy bird, after cunningly warning other birds against the dangers of the high road on which she found food, is herself crushed to death by a carriage on that road.)
116. DUBBACA-JATAKA
         (Being in liquor, an acrobat undertakes to jump more javelins than he can manage, and is killed.)
117. TITTIRA-JATAKA.
         (A busybody is killed for his chatter by a jaundiced man; and the piping of a partridge attracts the hunter who kills it.)
118. VATTAKA-JATAKA
         (A quail, being caught by a fowler, starves itself till no one will buy it, and in the end escapes.)
119. AKALARAVI-JATAKA
         (A cock which crowed in and out of season has its neck wrung.)
120. BANDHANAMOKKHA-JATAKA
         (A queen, who had committed adultery with sixty-four footmen and failed in her overtures to the chaplain, accuses the latter rape. He reveals her guilt and his own innocence.)
121. KUSANALI-JATAKA
         (A grass-sprite and a tree-sprite are friends. The former saves the latter's tree from the axe by assuming the shape of a chameleon and making the tree look full of holes.)
122. DUMMEDHA-JATAKA
         (Being jealous of his elephant, a king seeks to make it fall over a precipice. The elephant flies through the air with its mahout to another and more appreciative master.)
123. NANGALISA-JATAKA
         (A stupid youth, being devoted to his teacher, props up the latter's bed with his own leg all night long. The grateful teacher yearns to instruct the dullard and tries to make him compare things together. The youth sees a likeness to the shaft of a plough in a snake, an elephant, sugar-cane and curds. The teacher abandons all hope.)
124. AMBA-JATAKA
         (In time of drought, a hermit provides water for the animals, who in gratitude bring him fruit enough for himself and 500 others.)
125. KATAHAKA-JATAKA
         (A slave, educated beyond his station, manages by forging his master's name to marry a rich wife in another city. He gives him self airs till his old master comes, who, while not betraying the slave, teaches the wife verses whereby to restrain her husband's arrogance.)
126. ASILAKKHANA-JATAKA
         (Effects of two sneezes. One lost a sword-tester his nose, whilst the other won a princess for her lover.)
127. KALANDUKA-JATAKA
         (A slave like the one in No.125 is rebuked for arrogance to his wife by a parrot who knew him at home. The slave is recaptured.)
128. BILARA-JATAKA
         (A jackal under guise of saintliness, eats rats belonging to a troop with which he consorts. His treachery is discovered and avenged.)
129. AGGIKA-JATAKA
         (A similar story about rats and a jackal whose hair had all been burnt off except a top-knot which suggested holiness.)
130. KOSIYA-JATAKA
         (The alternative of the stick or a draught of nauseous fifth cures a wife of feigned illness.)
131. ASAMPADANA-JATAKA
         (A benefactor is reputed by the man he had befriended. Hearing of this ingratitude, the king gives all the ingrate's wealth to the benefactor, who refuses to take more than his won.)
132. PANCAGARU-JATAKA
         (Like No.96. The King is thankful to have passed through great perils to great dominion.)
133. GHATASANA-JATAKA
         (Because the waters of his lake were befouled by birds roosting in an overhanging tree, a Naga darts flames among the boughs. The wise birds fly away; the foolish stay and are killed.)
134. JHANASODHANA-JATAKA
135. CANDABHA-JATAKA
136. SUVANNAHAMSA-JATAKA
         (The father of a family dies, leaving his family destitute. Being reborn a bird with golden plumage, and discovering the condition of his family, the father gives them a feather at a time to sell. The widow in her greed plucks all his feathers out, only to find that they are gold no more.)
137. BABBU-JATAKA
         (A mouse caught by successive cats buys them off by daily rations of meat. In the end, the mouse, ensconced in crystal, defies the cats, who dash themselves to pieces against the unseen crystal.)
138. GODHA-JATAKA
         (A hermit tries to vain to catch a lizard to eat.)
139. UBHATOBHATTHA-JATAKA
         (A fisherman, having hooked a snag, and thinking it a monster fish, wishes to keep it all to himself. How he lost his clothes and his eyes, and how his wife was beaten and fined)
140. KAKA-JATAKA
         (A wanton crow having befouled the king's chaplain, the later prescribes crows fat for the burns of the king's elephants. The leader of the crows explains to the king that crows have no fat and that revenge alone prompted the chaplain's prescription.)
141. GODHA-JATAKA
         (A chameleon betrays a tribe of iguanas to a hunter.)
142. SIGALA-JATAKA
         (In order to catch a jackal, a man pretends to be dead. To try him, the jackal tugs at the man's stick and finds his grip tighten.)
143. VIROCANA-JATAKA
         (A jackal, after attending a lion in the chase, imagines he can kill a quarry as well as the lion. In essaying to kill an elephant, the jackal is killed.)
144. NANGUTTHA-JATAKA
         (A Votary of the God of Fire, having a cow to sacrifice to his deity, finds that robbers have driven it off. If the god, he reflects cannot look after his own sacrifice, how shall be protect his votary?)
145. RADHA-JATAKA
         (A Brahmin asks two parrots to keep an eye on his wife during his absence. They observe her misconduct and report it to the Brahmin, without essaying the hopeless task of restraining her.)
146. KAKA-JATAKA
         (A hen crow having been drowned in the sea, other crows try to bale the sea out with their beaks.)
147. PUPPHARATTA-JATAKA
         (In order to have smart holiday attire, a wife makes her husband break into the royal conservatories. Being caught and impaled, he has only the one grief that his wife will not have her flowers to wear.)
148. SIGALA-JATAKA
         (A jackal eats his way into a dead elephant's carcass and cannot get out.)
149. EKAPANNA-JATAKA
         (By the analogy of a poisonous seedling, a wicked prince is reformed.)
150. SANJIVA-JATAKA
         (A youth, who has learnt the charm for restoring the dead to life, tries it on a tiger, with fatal effects to himself.)

151. RAJOVADA-JATAKA
         Two kings, both wise and good, meet in a narrow way, and a dispute arises who is to give place. Both are of the same age and power. Their drivers sing each his master's praises. One is good to the good, and bad to the bad; the other repays evil with good. The first acknowledges his superior, and gives place.
152. SINGALA-JATAKA
         The Bodhisatta is a young lion, one of seven brothers; a jackal propose love to his sister. Six of the brothers set out to kill the jackal, but seeing him as he lies in a crystal grotto, imagine him to be in the sky, leap up and kill themselves. The Bodhisatta roars, and the jackal dies of fear.
153. SUKARA-JATAKA
         A boar challenges a lion to fight; and then in fear wallows amid filth until he smells so foul that the lion will not come near him, but owns himself vanquished rather than fight with him.
154. URAGA-JATAKA
         A Garula chases a serpent, which taking the form of a jewel, fixes himself upon an ascetic's garment, and by this means wins safety.
155. GAGGA-JATAKA
         How a goblin had power over all people who did not wish each other well at a sneeze, and how he was foiled.
156. ALINA-CITTA-JATAKA
         An elephant runs a thorn into its foot; it is tended by some carpenters, and serves them out of gratitude. His young one takes his place afterwards, and is bought by the king for a large sum. How on the king's death, it routs a hostile host, and saves the kingdom for the king's infant son.
157. GUNA-JATAKA
         A jackal rescues a lion, who out of gratitude makes him a friend. The lioness is jealous of the she-jackal; then the whole matter is explained, and maxims given in praise of friendship.
158. SUHANU-JATAKA
         Two savage horses, that maltreat all other of their kind, strike up a sudden friendship with each other, than illustrating the proverb, 'Birds of a feather.'
159. MORA-JATAKA
         How a peacock kept itself safe by reciting spells; how its mind was disturbed by hearing the female's note, and it was caught; how the king desired to eat it, but the peacock discoursed such good divinity that he was stayed; and finally the bird was set free again to return to the mountains.
160. VINILAKA-JATAKA
         A bird, the offspring of a goose with a crow, is being carried by his father's two other sons to see him, but is arrogant and compares them to horses that serve him; so he is sent back again.
161. INDASAMANAGOTTA-JATAKA
         How a man kept a fat elephant, which turned against him and trampled him to death.
162. SANTHAVA-JATAKA
         How a man had his horse burnt by reason of the great offerings which he made to his sacred fire.
163. SUSIMA-JATAKA
         How a lad whose hereditary right it was to manage a festival, journeyed 2000 leagues in a day, learnt the ceremonial, and returned in time to conduct the ceremony.
164. GIJJHA-JATAKA
         About a merchant who succoured some vultures, and they in return stole cloths and other things and brought to him; how one was caught, and the king learnt the story, and all the gods were restored.
165. NAKULA-JATAKA
         How a mungoose and a snake were friends, and distrusted each other nevertheless; and how they were made at one.
166. UPASALHA-JATAKA
         How a certain man was particular in choice of burying-grounds, and how he was shown that there is no spot free of taint from some dead body.
167. SAMIDDHI-JATAKA
         How a nymph tempted the saint to love, and he resisted, since no man knows the time of death.
168. SAKUNAGGHI-JATAKA
         How a quail beat a falcon by fighting on his own ground.
169. ARAKA-JATAKA
         How the Buddha forsook the world, and discoursed on charity.
170. KANATAKA-JATAKA
171. KALYANA-DHAMMA-JATAKA
         How a certain man became a recluse all because of a lucky greeting.
172. DADDARA-JATAKA
         How a jackal amongst lions betrayed himself by his tongue.
173. MAKKATA-JATAKA
         How a monkey disguised himself as an ascetic, and was found out.
174. DUBHIYA-MAKKATA-JATAKA
         How the Bodhisatta drew water for a monkey, and all he got for his pains was a grimace and an insult.
175. ADICCUPATTHANA-JATAKA
         How a rascally monkey made havoc in the settlement, and the people took him for a holy being.
176. KALAYA-MUTTHI-JATAKA
         How a monkey threw away a handful of peas to find one.
177. TINDUKA-JATAKA
         How a troop of monkeys entered a village by night, and were surrounded by the villagers; and the device by which they were saved.
178. KACCHAPA-JATAKA
         How a tortoise came to grief because he loved his home too much.
179. SATADHAMMA-JATAKA
         How a proud young Brahmin ate the leaves of a low-caste man, and then felt ashamed of himself.
180. DUDDADA-JATAKA
         Where faith is, no gift is small.
181. ASADISA-JATAKA
         Of a clever archer, and his feats.
182. SAMGAMAVACARA-JATAKA
         How a noble elephant obeyed the word of command.
183. VALODAKA-JATAKA
         He that is noble keeps a steady brain even through he drain most potent liquor dry.
184. GIRIDANTA-JATAKA
         Evil communications corrupt good manners
185. ANABHIRATI-JATAKA
         On serenity of mind.
186. DADHI-VAHANA-JATAKA
         The Magic Razor-axe, Milk-bowl, and Drum.
187. CATUMATTA-JATAKA
         How a jackal was reproved for intruding.
188. SIHAKOTTHUKA-JATAKA
         How a mongrel cub among lions was betrayed by its voice.
189. SIHAKOTTHUKA-JATAKA
         The ass in the lion's skin.
190. SILANISAMSA-JATAKA
         How a virtuous barber saved another man by his merit.
191. RUHAKA-JATAKA
         How a wicked wife fooled her husband, and sent him prancing down the street in horse-trappings.
192. SIRI-KALAKANNI-JATAKA
193. CULLA-PADUMA-JATAKA
         Of a wicked wife, who tried to murder her husband, and finally with her paramour was brought for trial before her husband, then become king.
194. MUNICORA-JATAKA
         Of the plot devised by a king to take the wife of another man; and how Sakka caused him to change bodies with his victim, and so to be executed himself.
195. PABBATUPATTHARA-JATAKA
         How the Bodhisatta advised a king to condone an intrigue.
196. VALAHASSA-JATAKA
         How some shipwrecked mariners escaped from a city of goblins by aid of a flying horse.
197. MITTAMITTA-JATAKA
         How to tell friend from foe.
198. RADHA-JATAKA
         How a parrot told tales of his mistress, and had his neck wrong.
199. GAHAPATI-JATAKA
         How a wife tried to trick her husband, and was found out.
200. SADHUSILA-JATAKA
         How a father chose a husband for his daughters.
201. RANDHANAGARA-JATAKA
         The real fetters are those of desire.
202. KELI-SILA-JATAKA
         How Sakka rebuked an irreverent king.
203. KHANDHA-VATTA-JATAKA
         How to win the goodwill of snakes.
204. VIRAKA-JATAKA
         How a crow tried to steal meat, and was plucked.
205. GANGEYYA-JATAKA
         How two fish disputed which should be the more beautiful, and a tortoise answered that he was more beautiful than either.
206. KURUNGA-MIGA-JATAKA
         How a woodpecker and a tortoise rescued their friend the antelope from a trap.
207. ASSAKA-JATAKA
         How a king was cured of love for his dead wife by a revelation of her present condition.
208. SUMSUMARA-JATAKA
         How a crocodile wanted the heart of a monkey, and how the monkey pretended that it was hanging on a fig-tree.
209. KAKKARA-JATAKA
         How a fowler tried to stalk a bird by covering himself with branches.
210. KANDAGALAKA-JATAKA
         How a woodpecker struck a tree hard for it, and perished.
211. SOMADATTA-JATAKA
         How a foolish man gave when he meant to crave.
212. UCCHITTHA-BHATTA-JATAKA
         How a husband found out his wife's intigue by the state of of the rice.
213. BHARU-JATAKA
         How the king of Bharu made two bands of hermits to quarrel.
214. PUNNA-NADI-JATAKA
         How a king sent a riddling message to his former preceptor.
215. KACCHAPA-JATAKA
         How a tortoise was conveyed through the air, biting with his teeth upon a stick; and how he answered to a taunt, and fell.
216. MACCHA-JATAKA
         How a fish being captured lamented for loss of his wife, and was set at liberty.
217. SEGGU-JATAKA
         How a pious greengrocer tested his daughter's virtue.
218. KUTA-VANIJA-JATAKA
         How a man deposited ploughshares with a friend, and the friend protested that they had been eaten by rats; and of the clever device by which the man's guilt was brought home to him.
219. GARAHITA-JATAKA
         How a monkey had been a captive of men, and escaped, and his censure upon mankind.
220. DHAMMADDHAJA-JATAKA
         How impossible tasks were set to a good man, who did them all by aid of Sakka.
221. KASAVA-JATAKA
         How a man disguised himself in holy robes, and killed elephants; and how he was put to shame.
222. CULA-NANDIYA-JATAKA
         How two monkeys sacrificed their lives to save their mother, and what befell the hunter.
223. PUTA-BHATTA-JATAKA
         How a harsh husband was rebuked.
224. KUMBHILA-JATAKA
225. KHANTI-VANNANA-JATAKA
         How two sinners were made to amend their ways.
226. KOSIYA-JATAKA
         How an owl came to grief through sallying forth untimely
227. GUTHA-PANA-JATAKA
         How an intoxicated beetle challenged an elephant and was ignominiously destroyed.
228. KAMANITA-JATAKA
         How a king was cured of greed.
229. PALAYI-JATAKA
         How a king was frightened away by the mere sight of a city gate.
230. DUTIYA-PALAYI-JATAKA
         How a hostile king was frightened away by the sight of the Bodhisatta, and the hearing of his threats.
231. UPAHANA-JATAKA
         How a pupil tried to outdo his teacher, and was worsted.
232. VINA-THUNA-JATAKA
         How a girl thought a humpback was a right royal man, and how she was undeceived.
233. VIKANNAKA-JATAKA
         How some fish came to feed at the sound of a drum; and how a malevolent crocodile was speared.
234. ASITABHU-JATAKA
         How a man, enamoured of a sprite, lost his wife by this lust.
235. VACCHA-NAKHA-JATAKA
         How a Brother was tempted to return to the world, and the evil of a worldly life shown forth.
236. BAKA-JATAKA
         How a crane shammed sleep, in order to catch fish; and how he was exposed.
237. SAKETA-JATAKA
238. EKAPADA-JATAKA
         Of a precocious boy who asked a philosophical question; and the answer to the same.
239. HARITA-MATA-JATAKA
         A water-snake that fell into a fish-trap, and how the fish all fell upon him; with a moral.
240. MAHA-PINGALA-JATAKA
         How the porter mourned when his tyrannical master died, lest to should prove too much for the king of Death, and should be sent back to earth again.
241. SABBA-DATHA-JATAKA
         How a jackal learnt the spell 'Of subduing the world,' and by it collected a great army of wild beasts; and how he was discomfited.
242. SUNAKHA-JATAKA
         How a dog gnawed through his leash, and escaped from servitude.
243. GUTTILA-JATAKA
         How a great musician played by aid of Sakka to the delight of all that heard.
244. VITICCHA-JATAKA
         How a certain man tried to catch the Master with pharases.
245. MULA-PARIYAYA-JATAKA
         How the Master discomfited some would-be clever youths.
246. TELOVADA-JATAKA
         That there is no harm in eating meat
247. PADANJALI-JATAKA
         How a fool was found out.
248. KIMSUKOPAMA-JATAKA
         How four lads saw a tree, and each described it differently.
249. SALAKA-JATAKA
         How soft words failed to bring down a monkey from a tree.
250. KAPI-JATAKA
         How a monkey disguised himself as an ascetic, and was found out.
251. SAMKAPPA-JATAKA
         How an ascetic was tempted by lust, and how he was saved.
252. TILA-MUTTHI-JATAKA
         How a teacher chastised a pupil, and the pupil meditated revenge, but was appeased.
253. MANI-KANTHA-JATAKA
         How a serpent and an ascetic were friends, and how the ascetic got rid of the serpent.
254. KUNDAKA-KUCCHI-SINDHAVA-JATAKA
         Of a high-bred foal; how he knew his own worth, and what he could do for a marvel.
255. SUKA-JATAKA
         Of a parrot that used to bring food oversea for his parents, and how he ate too much, and was drowned.
256. JARUDAPANA-JATAKA
         How some men won a treasure by digging, and by digging too much lost it again.
257. GAMANI-CANDA-JATAKA
         How a prince's wisdom was tried. Also how a man was haled to the king's tribunal for injuries done unwittingly, and the judgements of the king thereupon; and of certain problems propounded to him by those he met. [Several stories in one.].
258. MANDHATU-JATAKA
         How a king could not win contentment, not through he ruled as King of Heaven.
259. TIRITA-VACCHA-JATAKA
         How a king's life was saved, and the gratitude which he showed to his deliverer.
260. DUTA-JATAKA
         How a man got a meal by calling himself 'Belly's Messenger.'
261. PADUMA-JATAKA
         How some boys tried to wheedle a noseless gardener that he might give them a bunch of lotus.
262. MADU-PANI-JATAKA
         Love will find a way; and the nature of womankind.
263. CULLA-PALOBHANA-JATAKA
         How the Bodhisatta is tempted by a woman, and succumbs.
264. MAHA-PANADA-JATAKA
265. KHURAPPA-JATAKA
         How one brave man saved a caravan from robbers.
266. VATAGGA-SINDHAVA-JATAKA
         How a she-ass fell in love with a fine horse, and by coquetry lost him.
267. KAKKATA-JATAKA
         How an elephant, by aid of his faithful mate, destroyed an immense crab.
268. ARAMA-DUSA-JATAKA
         How some monkeys were left to water a garden, and how they pulled up the trees to proportion the water to the length of the roots.
269. SUJATA-JATAKA
         How the shrew was tamed by observation of a cuckoo and a jay.
270. ULUKA-JATAKA
         How the owl was proposed as king of the birds, but because of his sour looks, not taken.
271. UDAPANA-DUSAKA-JATAKA
         The vile nature of jackals.
272. VYAGGHA-JATAKA
         How a sprite drove away from its wood a lion and tiger, and how men came and out the trees down.
273. KACCHAPA-JATAKA
         How a monkey insulted a tortoise, and how he was punished.
274. LOLA-JATAKA
         How a crow lost his life through greed.
275. RUCIRA-JATAKA
276. KURU-DHAMMA-JATAKA
         How there was a drought, and by observance of virtue the rain was made to come.
277. ROMAKA-JATAKA
         How a sham ascetic tried to kill a bird, and failed.
278. MAHISA-JATAKA
         Of a wicked monkey, that was killed for his vileness; and of the patience of the Bodhisatta.
279. SATAPATTA-JATAKA
         How a man did not know his friend from his enemy; and how the Bodhisatta was a robber.
280. PUTA-DUSAKA-JATAKA
         Of a monkey who thought to please a gardener by destroying the pottles which he made.
281. ABBHANTARA-JATAKA
         How a queen longed for a 'middle mango'; and how a pet parrot procured one.
282. SEYYA-JATAKA
         How a marauding monarch was conquered by kindness.
283. VADDHAKI-SUKAA-JATAKA
         How a boar drilled an army of boars to conquer a tiger; and how a sham ascetic was done to death.
284. SIRI-JATAKA
         How luck came of eating the flesh of certain birds.
285. MANI-SUKARA-JATAKA
         How some boars tried to sully crystal by rubbing it, and only made it shine the more.
286. SALUKA-JATAKA
         How an ox envied the fatted pig.
287. LABHA-GARAHA-JATAKA
         Of the evil of a worldly life.
288. MACCH-UDDANA-JATAKA
         How a parcel of money was lost in the river, and restored by the river-spirit in the belly of a fish.
289. MANA-CCHANDA-JATAKA
         How a king fell into the hands of thieves, and a Brahmin saw it; and what were the boons he asked.
290. SILA-VIMAMSA-JATAKA
         How a man tried his own reputation for virtue
291. BHADRA-GHATA-JATAKA
         The Wishing-Bowl, with a moral ending.
292. SUPATTA-JATAKA
         How a queen of the crows desired some meat, and a brave crow got it for her.
293. KAYA-VICCHINDA-JATAKA
         Of a sick man who on his recovery became religious, to his own great advantage.
294. JAMBU-KHADAKA-JATAKA
         The Fox and the Crow, with a difference.
295. ANTA-JATAKA
         Similar to the last, but vice versa.
296. SAMUDDA-JATAKA
         Of a crow that feared the sea might be drunk dry.
297. KAMA-VILAPA-JATAKA
         How desire is stronger than pain.
298. UDUMBARA-JATAKA
         Old birds cannot be caught with chaff.
299. KOMAYA-PUTTA-JATAKA
         Upon the reformation of a mischievous monkey.
300. VAKA-JATAKA
         How a wolf kept a holy day services.

INDEX OF NAMES AND PALI WORDS

INDEX OF MATTERS

CONTENTS

VOLUME III

301	Cullakalinga Jataka A king being eager to flight, finds occasion to quarrel with another king. Misled by a prophecy of victory and neglecting the omens, he is defeated by his adversary	1
302	Mahaassaroha Jataka A king being defeated by rebels, finds a hospitable shelter with a poor countryman, and rewards his benefactor with the half of his kingdom.	6
303	Ekaraja Jataka A king is taken prisoner and tortured and by his patience under suffering wins his enemy to repentance.	9
304	Daddara Jataka How two brothers were driven from their father’s kingdom, and how their pride was humbled by the contumely they suffered in their exile	10
305	Sila Vimamsana Jataka A teacher tests in virtue of his pupils by tempting them to steal. The only youth, that stands the test, is rewarded by marrying his master’s daughter.	12
306	Sujata Jataka How the daughter of a fruiterer became a queen and by her pride nearly lost her position	13
307	Palasa Jataka A Brahmin pays honour to a tree-spirit and is rewarded by the discovery of a buried treasure.	15
308	Javasakuna Jataka The story of the wood pecker and the ungrateful lion	17
309	Chavaka Jataka How a parish, who stole mangoes, ventured to reprove a king for allowing a priest to teach him from a lower seat.	18
310	Sayha Jataka How a Brahmin refused to give up the ascetic life in order to become family priest to a king	20
311	Pucimanda Jataka How a nimb tree spirit frightened away a robber whose presence endangered the safety of the tree.	22
312	Kassapamandiya Jataka A father and son in journeying together fall out be the way, and the old man is reproved for his want of self-restraint.	24
313	Khantivadi Jataka How is wicked king cruelly maltreated an ascetic, and how the patience of the holy man endured to the end, and the king was cast into Hell	26
314	Lohakumbhi Jataka A king is terrified by hearing awful cries in the night and is urged by his family priest to avert the evil omen by the sacrifice of living creatures. A young Brahmin interprets the sounds to be the cries uttered by lost souls in Hell, and the king takes comfort and forbids the sacrifice.	29
315	Mamsa Jataka How four young merchants tried to wheedle a hunter out of his venison, and how one alone by his cunning address succeeded	32
316	Sasa Jataka How a hare, in default of other food, offered its own flesh to be eaten, and was rewarded by having its form supernaturally impressed on the face of the moon	34
317	Matarodana Jataka How a youth, when his brother died, demonstrated the folly of grieving for the dead.	38
318	Kanavera Jataka How a courtesan rescued a robber by betraying her lover to death, and how she was afterwards punished for her treachery.	39
319	Tittira Jataka A decoy patridge is troubled with scruples of conscience	43
320	Succaja Jataka How a prince requited his wife devotion with base ingratitude, until he was brought to a better mind by the admonition of his minister.	44
321	Kutidusaka Jataka How a monkey, through envy, destroyed a bird’s nest	47
322	Daddabha Jataka Of the timid hare and the fligh of the beasts	49
323	Brahmadatta Jataka Of the ascetic who for twelve years had not the courage to ask for a trifling boon	52
324	Cammasataka Jataka Of a foolish mendicant who met his death by mistaking the butting of a ram for a respectful salutation	55
325	Godha Jataka How a greedy ascetic was outwitted by a lizard.	56
326	Kakkaru Jataka How a wicked priest was punished for assuming virtues to which he had no claim.	58
327	Kakati Jataka How a roc carried off a king wife to his island home, and was afterwards outwitted by the king minstrel.	60
328	Ananusociya Jataka The story of the holy man who found a wife by means of a golden image, and how on her death he neither fasted nor wept.	62
329	Kalabahu Jataka The story of the parrots and the black monkey, and how the monkey fell into disgrace and the parrots regained the king’s favour.	65
330	Silavimamsa Jataka Of the man who tested the power of virtue and of the moral lessons he learned from the hawk and the piece of meat and from the slave girl to whom loss of hope alone brought peace.	66
331	Kokalika Jataka How a talkative king was admonished by the fate of the young bird that cried cuckoo too soon.	68
332	Rathalatthi Jataka Of the Priest and the carters and the danger of giving judgment before hearing both sides.	69
333	Godha Jataka How a roasted lizard ran away, and how a king was convicted of ingratitude to his wife.	71
334	Rajovada Jataka A king is taught by the parable of the sweet and bitter fig how his realm is affected by a just or unjust rule.	73
335	Jambuka Jataka Of the Fate of the Jackal that presumed to play the part of the lion.	74
336	Brahachatta Jataka How a prince by means of a spell discovered buried treasure and substituted grass for gold.	76
337	Pitha Jataka The duty of hospitality inculcated by the story of the merchant and the ascetic.	78
338	Thusa Jataka How a king was saved from being killed by his son, through the repetition of a spell at critical moments.	80
339	Baveru Jataka How a crow was ousted from a position of favour when a peacock appeared.	83
340	Visayha Jataka How a rich merchant, after he was reduced to beggary, continued to exercise charity.	85
341	Kandari Jataka (See Kunala Jataka, No. 523)	87
342	Vanara Jataka The crocodile outwitted by the monkey.	87
343	Kuntani Jataka The heron’s revenge for the loss of her young ones.	89
344	Ambacora Jataka How a false ascetic robbed a mango orchard and charged some innocent maidens with the theft.	90
345	Gajakumbha Jataka Of a slothful King admonished by the example of a lazy tortoise.	92
346	Kesava Jataka The sick hermit and his friend, or love the best physician.	93
347	Ayakuta Jataka How a King had forbidden the sacrifice of living creatures was shielded by a god from the vengeance of a goblin.	96
348	Aranna Jataka Of a virtuous youth led astray by evil communication.	98
349	Sandhibheda Jataka A jackal by slanderous words brings about a fatal quarrel between a lion and a bull.	99
350	Devatapanha Jataka (See Ummagga Jataka)	101
351	Manikundala Jataka (Same as No. 303)	102
352	Sujata Jataka A father is cured of inordinate grief by the feigned madness of his son.	103
353	Dhonasakha Jataka How a king who was guilty of gross cruelty, met with fitting retribution	105
354	Uraga Jataka How when a Brahmin lost his son, neither he nor any of his family lamented or wept, and of their exceeding great reward.	107
355	Ghata Jataka (Same as No.303)	111
356	Karandiya Jataka A teacher is taught by his pupil the folly of preaching to unwilling hearers.	113
357	Latukiya Jataka How a quail brought about the destruction of an elephant the had killed her young ones.	115
358	Culladhammapala Jataka A king being jealous of his queen’s affection for her child, has the boy mutilated and killed, and is punished by being cast into Hell.	117
359	Suvannamiga Jataka How a stag caught in a snare was released from death by the devotion of his doe	120
360	Sussondi Jataka (Same as No. 327)	123
361	Vannaroha Jataka The jackal as calumniator tries in vain to set a lion and a tiger at variance	126
362	Silavimamsa Jataka How a man tried his own reputation for virtue	128
363	Hiri Jataka (Imperfect. Same as Akatannu Jataka, No. 90)	129
364	Khajjopanaka Jataka (See Mahaummagga)	130
365	Ahigundika Jataka How a monkey that had been beaten was not to be cajoled by soft words	130
366	Gumbiya Jataka How a merchant warned the members of his caravan against eating strange food, and how those that neglected his warning were poisoned by an evil spirit.	132
367	Saliya Jataka The biter bit, or the story of the knavish doctor who was killed by the snake which he pretended was harmless.	133
368	Tacasara Jataka The same story as the preceding one, to which is added how certain lads were acquitted of the charge of having caused the death of the doctor.	134
369	Mittavinda Jataka (A fragment of No. 41)	136
370	Palasa Jataka How a Judas tree was destroyed by the parasitie growth of a banyan shoot.	137
371	Dighitikosala Jataka A prince spares the life of the king who had slain his father and thereby wins him to repentance.	139
372	Migapotaka Jataka An ascetic is admonished against excessive grief for the loss of a pet deer.	140
373	Musika Jataka A king by repeating a spell at critical moments baffles the attempts of his heir to kill him.	142
374	Culladhanuggaha Jataka A woman who betrayed her husband to death, and was afterwards deserted by her lover, has her folly brought home to her by witnessing the fate of a greedy jackal.	144
375	Kapota Jataka How a greedy crow was made ridiculous and tortoured to death.	148
376	Avariya Jataka How a foolish ferryman behaved when offered good advice instead of his fare.	151
377	Setaketu Jataka How caste and feigned sanctity were foiled.	153
378	Darimukha Jataka How a king renounced his kingdom on the advice of an old friend, who had become a paccekabuddha.	156
379	Neru Jataka How royal birds avoid a golden mountain which makes all birds appear alike.	159
380	Asanka Jataka How a king spent three years in finding out the name of his future queen.	161
381	Migalopa Jataka How a disobedient vulture perished.	164
382	Sirikalakanni Jataka How precedence was settled by a good merchant between the goddesses of Good and Ill Fortune.	165
383	Kukkuta Jataka How a cat failed to deceive a cock.	168
384	Dhammaddhaja Jataka How a hypocritical crow was put to death.	170
385	Nandiyamiga Jataka How a good dear brought blessing to his kindred and to all animals.	171
386	Kharaputta Jataka How a king got a charm from a naga by which he understood the sound of all animals: his queen tried to get the charm from him, but was foiled through some advice given by Sakka, disguised as a goat.	174
387	Suci Jataka How a young smith made a marvelous needle, and thereby won to wife the daughter of a head-smith.	178
388	Tundila Jataka How a pig explained to his younger brother that death is not to be feared.	180
389	Suvannakakkata Jataka How a farmer was saved by a good crab from being killed by a snake in league with crow: the two latter were themselves killed.	183
390	Mayhaka Jataka How a greedy, murdering uncle was compared to a certain bird, and so converted.	186
391	Dhajavihetha Jataka How a wicked person, disguised as a Brother, caused the expulsion of Brethren from a kingdom, and the spiritual ruin of the people: Sakka interfered and saved the kingdom.	189
392	Bhisapuppha Jataka How a Brahmin was accused of stealing the smell of a flower.	191
393	Vighasa Jataka How certain self-indulgent monks were warned by a parrot.	193
394	Vattaka Jataka How a quail explained to a crow how to get fat.	194
395	Kaka Jataka How a greedy crow was made ridiculous and put to death.	195
396	Kuku Jataka How a king was converted by certain parables.	197
397	Manoja Jataka How a lion was enticed to his death by the counsel of a jackal.	199
398	Sutano Jataka How a king falling into the power of a man eating goblin, sent people daily to be eaten: a young man got the better of the goblin and converted him.	201
399	Gijjha Jataka How a good young Vulture was loosed from a snare by a hunter.	204
400	Dabbhapuppha Jataka How two otters, who had caught a fish, were cheated by jackal.	205
401	Dasannaka Jataka How a king was cured of a sickness, born of longing for his wife, by seeing a man swallowing a sword.	207
402	Sattubhasta Jataka How an old Brahmin was sent away by his wife to beg: a snake got into his meal bag unperceived: a young Brahmin preacher guessed that the snake was there, and then exposed the wife’s Wickedness.	210
403	Atthisena Jataka How a Brahmin explains to a king why he makes no petition.	216
404	Kapi Jataka How a naughty monkey brought ruin on his heresy.	218
405	Bakabrahma Jataka How an angel was converted from heresy.	219
406	Gandhara Jataka How two kings became ascetics, and one was admonished in a fault by the other.	221
407	Mahakapi Jataka How a monkey saved his followers at the cost of his own life.	225
408	Kumbhakara Jataka How four kings became ascetics through observing a mango tree, a bracelet, a flock of birds, and some bulls respectively: a potter and his wife separately follow their example.	228
409	Dalhadhamma Jataka How a she elephant, forgotten by the king in her old age, was restored to honour.	233
410	Somadatta Jataka How an ascetic was comforted for the loss of a young elephant.	235
411	Susima Jataka How a king became an ascetic on being shewn a grey hair by his chief queen.	237
412	Kotisimbali Jataka How a tree spirit was frightened by a bird and comforted by a roc-king.	239
413	Dhumakari Jataka How a king neglected old friends for new ones: his case illustrated by a story of a Brahmin goathered and some deer.	241
414	Jagara Jataka How an ascetic kept vigil a nights.	243
415	Kummasapinda Jataka How a king and queen declared the merits in former births that brought about their birth in royal rank.	244
416	Parantapa Jataka How a prince understood the speech of jackals: and how a king son discovered and avenged his father’s murder after many years.	249
417	Kaccani Jataka How an old woman, expelled from her son’s house owing to her daughter-in-law thought that right was dead: and how the whole family became reconciled.	253
418	Atthasadda Jataka How eight sounds that had frightened a king were explained to him harmlessly.	256
419	Sulasa Jataka How a man who would have killed his wife was killed by her.	260
420	Sumangala Jataka How a king would not decide a case till his anger was over.	263
421	Gangamala Jataka How a willing servant was reborn as a king: how he shared his kingdom for a time with a poor water-carrier who had shown himself an honest fellow: how a barber got from the king the explanation of his birth in the kingly rank, and became a paccekabuddha, honoured by the king.	266
422	Cetiya Jataka How a king, who told a lie in the golden age, sank into the earth and so down to Hell.	271
423	Indriya Jataka How a tempted ascetic was warned by the story of a miserable hunter.	276
424	Aditta Jataka How seven paccekabuddhas came and received gifts from a king.	280
425	Atthana Jataka How an ascetic repulsed a woman who had once behaved harshly to him.	282
426	Dipi Jataka How a panther ate a she goat for all her politeness.	285
427	Gijjha Jataka How a vulture perished, through attempting too bold a flight.	287
428	Kosambi Jataka (Imperfect-with a reference to the story in No. 371)	289
429	Mahasuka Jataka How a grateful parrot refused to leave a barren fig-tree.	291
430	Cullasuka Jataka The same story as the preceding one.	294
431	Harita Jataka Of an ascetic who would not tell a lie to conceal his sin.	295
432	Padakusalamanava Jataka A boy receives, as a gift from a goblin mother, the power of recognizing footsteps even in the air, and a king, to test the boy’s skill, steals his own jewels and then sets the boy to catch the thief. When the boy by a number of pointed stories convicts him of theft, the king is put to death by his own subjects and the boy becomes king.	298
433	Lomasakassapa Jataka How a king promised his daughter in marriage to an ascetic, if he would offer a living sacrifice, and how the ascetic resisted the temptation.	306
434	Cakkavaka Jataka How a crow, through his greediness, could not attain to the beauty of the ruddy goose.	309
435	Haliddiraga Jataka A youth, who was being led astray by female seductions, is rescued by the sage counsels of his father.	311
436	Samugga Jataka How a demon, who swallowed his wife and carried her about in his belly, even so failed to keep her virtuous.	313
437	Putimamsa Jataka How a wise she goat outwitted the jackal that was plotting the kill her.	316
438	Tittira Jataka How a wicked ascetic killed a learned partridge, and how a lion and a tiger avenged the death of the partridge.	319
	Index	325-328
	Volume IV
439	Catu Dvara Jataka About Mittavindaka, and how he was punished for covetousness.	1
440	Kanha Jataka How an ascetic made wise choice of boons offered him by Sakka.	4
441	Catu Posathika Jataka (See Punnaka Jataka)	9
442	Samkha Jataka How a gift to a Pacceka Buddha was plenteously rewarded, and of the magic ship.	9
443	Culla Bodhi Jataka How an ascetic was free from all passion, and how he explained to a king the nature of passion.	13
444	Kanhadipayana Jataka Of a number of persons who confessed their secret faults, and of the virtue of an Act of Truth.	17
445	Nigrodha Jataka How a low born man became king by eating of a cock’s flesh, and of the gratitude and ingratitude of friends shown according to their kind.	22
446	Takkala Jataka How an ungrateful son planned to murder his old father, but when his own son overhearing showed him an object lesson of his own ugliness, he was put to shame.	27
447	Maha Dhamma Pala Jataka How a father refused to believe that his son was dead, because it was not to custom of his family to die young: this was the result of good living through many generations.	32
448	Kukkuta Jataka How a falcon pretended to make friends with a fowl, but the other was not deceived.	35
449	Matta Kundali Jataka How one who mourned for his son was comforted.	37
450	Bilari Kosiya Jataka How a niggard was cured by holy beings who pretended to choke at his food.	40
451	Cakka Vaka Jataka Of a crow and two ruddy geese, how they discoursed each of his own food, and what was the cause of their colours.	44
452	Bhuri Panha Jataka (Ummagga-Jataka)	46
453	Maha Mangala Jataka Of the vanity of omens, and how goodness and kindness are omens of the best.	46
454	Ghata Jataka How a girl was kept prisoner in a tower that she might wed no one, and how the attempt was defeated, of the magic city which was guarded by an ass, of the wild deeds of the Ten Slave Brethren, who became kings by right of conquest, and finally perished, and how a king was consoled for the loss of his beloved son.	50
455	Mati Posaka Jataka How an elephant too virtuous to resist, was captured, and how the king released him, touched by the love this elephant bore to his mother.	58
456	Junha Jataka How a prince made a promise which he fulfilled when he came into his kingdom.	61
457	Dhamma Jataka How Right and Wrong argued each his cause, and how Wrong had the worst of it.	64
458	Udaya Jataka How a king and queen had continence in wedlock, and how Sakka put the queen to the test, and how she was justified.	66
459	Paniya Jataka How a villager stole water from his fellow-labourer’s pot, and by meditating upon it became a Pacceka Buddha; and how others, pondering upon their sins, attained to the like result.	71
460	Yuvanjaya Jataka How a prince by seeing the dewdrops, was led to meditate on the impermanency of all things, and retired form the world	75
461	Dasaratha Jataka How two princes with their sister went abroad to be out of harm’s way, and dwelt in the mountains; how they bore the news of their father’s death; how the eldest prince sent his slippers to take his own place on the throne, and how they gave token of displeasure if any wrong judgement were given.	78
462	Samvara Jataka How a prince by seeming modesty made friends of all manner of people, and the device whereby he pacified his brothers, who would have made war on him.	82
463	Supparaka Jataka How a blind mariner was made the king’s assessor and valuer, and how he was pilot to a vessel, which traversed the perilous seas of fairy land.	86
464	Culla Kunala Jataka (Kunala Jataka)	91
465	Bhadda Sala Jataka How a sacred tree was to be cut down for a pillar, and the spirit of the tree appeared to the king, and by his unselfishness turned the king’s purpose.	91
466	Samudda Vanija Jataka How a body of carpenters settled in a certain island, and the island deities determined to overwhelm them with a flood; how the wise were saved, but the foolish remained and were all lost.	98
467	Kama Jataka How a prince declined to be his father’s viceroy, and proceeded to the frontier, which he won over by doing the people services, and then demanded the kingdom; and how Sakka gave him lesson on his greed.	104
468	Janasandha Jataka Ten points of wisdom explained to a prince.	109
469	Maha Kanha Jataka How Sakka changed Matali into a black hound, and sent him to frighten the world out of its evil ways.	111
470	Kosiya Jataka (Sudhabhojana Jataka)	115
471	Mendaka Jataka (Ummaga Jataka)	115
472	Maha Paduma Jataka How a queen tempted her step-son to sin, and on being refused pretended that he had tempted her, and how he was justified and the woman put to shame.	116
473	Mittamitta Jataka The signs of a friend and of a foe.	122
474	Amba Jataka How a man learnt a charm for growing fruit out of due season, and how he forgot it because he was false to his teacher.	124
475	Phandana Jataka Of a lion which plotted to get a tree cut down, and how he was outwitted by the deity of the tree.	129
476	Javana Hamsa Jataka How a royal goose and human king made fast friends; how the goose saved two foolish geese which flew a race with the sun, and of other his marvelous fests.	132
477	Culla Narada Jataka How an ascetic was tempted in the flesh, and how his father guided him by good counsel.	136
478	Duta Jataka How a pupil got gold to pay his teacher withal by meditating upon a river bank.	139
479	Kalinga Bodhi Jataka Of a prince who dwelt in a forest, and how he fell in love with a lady by seeing flowers which she dropt into a river; how the prince became universal monarch.	142
480	Akitta Jataka How a king distributed all his treasure in alms, and with his sister retired to the forest; how he went further, and his sister sought him.	148
481	Takkariya Jataka How a Brahmin wife was of lewd behaviour,a nd the husband would have killed her paramour, by sacrificing him in the foundation of a fate; how by taking too soon he nearly met this fate himself, but was admonished by a pupil who told him stories; of a young man who was ill entreated in a brothel, of a bird which came to grief by interfering in others business, of four men who were killed in trying to save another, of a goat which found the knife that was to kill her.	153
482	Ruru Jataka Of a rich spend all who cast himself away in the Ganges; how a deer saved him, and he repaid the service by betraying the deer to capture, but his aim was frustrated, and safety proclaimed for all deer.	161
483	Sarabha Miga Jataka How a king went hunting, and in chasing after a stage which passed him fell into a pit and by the very stage was rescued; and how a chaplain put two and two together and made twenty.	166
484	Saliledara Jataka How a flock of parrots used to devour the rice crops, and how their king being caught in a snare, forbore to cry out until they jad eaten, and what persuasion was used by which he got free again.	175
485	Canda Kinnara Jataka Two fairies that dwelt on a beautiful hill, and how the husband was wounded and the wife made lament, until Sakka Came to the rescue.	179
486	Maha Ukkusa Jataka Of the value of friends, as shown in the story of a hawk whose nestlings were saved by the aid of an osprey, a lion and a tortoise.	183
487	Uddalaka Jataka How a wise sage instructed a king what it is makes the true Brahmin.	188
488	Bhisa Jataka Of a number of ascetics, and how Sakka tested them.	192
489	Suruci Jataka Two friends promise to wed their children together, if they should have one a daughter and the other a son; how the pair was childless, and the queen gave her Lord sixteen thousand wives who had never a child among them; hw Sakka rewarded the queen’s virtue by granting a son to her; how Sakka built this prince a magical palace.	198
490	Panc Uposatha Jataka Of a pigeon, a snake, a jackal, and a bear, which took on them the vows for subduing of desire; and an ascetic being unable for his pride to induce the mystic trance, reviled a Pacceka Buddha, but then in remorse took the vow for subduing pride, and was much edified by the pigeon, the sanke, the jackal, and the bear.	205
491	Maha Mora Jataka Of a holy peacock, gold coloured, which chanted a hymn morning and evening, and how he was taken prisoner by yielding to fleshly desire, and how he discoursed to a queen and was set free.	210
492	Taccha Sukara Jataka Of a clever boar which worked for a number of carpenters, and how he outwitted a tiger.	216
493	Maha Vanija Jataka How some merchants found magic tree, and what wonders came out of the branches: a lesson to eachew greed.	221
494	Sadhina Jataka Of the effect of merit and how it brings man to high felicity, and how it is gained.	223
495	Dasa Brahmana Jataka The marks by which you may know a good Brahmin and who are not rightly so called; and of the flowers which were thrown into the air, and fell on the Pacceka Buddha in Himalaya.	227
496	Bhikkha Parampara Jataka Of precedence in gifts.	232
497	Matanga Jataka How a high and mighty maiden turned up her nose at a Candala, but he by persistence got her to wife; how their son gave alms in a wrong spirit, and by what mean s he was brought to his right mind: also of an ascetic who was well schooled by the Candala man and the Candala’s glorious death.	235
498	Citta Sambhuta Jataka Of two men who were fast friends through many births: as Candalas, who pretended to be Brahmins, but were bewrayed by their speech; as young deer on the mountains; as a couple of ospreys by the Nerbudda; as lads of high births in Utttarspancala.	244
499	Sivi Jataka How a prince gave his own eyes as a gift, and his reward.	250
500	Sirimanda Jataka (Maha-Ummagga Jataka)	257
501	Rohanta Miga Jataka Of a golden deer, who being caught in a trap, would not cry out for fear of scaring his fellows; how his friends stood by him; how he preached before the queen; and how he was set free.	257
502	Hamsa Jataka Of a golden goose which discoursed of the law, how he was caught, how the hunter’s heart was softened to set him free, how he went before the king and prevailed with him also.	264
503	Sattigumba Jataka Evil communications corrupt good manners: a tale of two parrots of which one was good and one bad according to the company they kept.	267
504	Bhallatiya Jataka Of two fairies, who could not cease grieving for one night they had been parted from each other, and how they were at length consoled.	271
505	Somanssa Jataka How a sham ascetic traded upon knowledge which he gained by accident, and how he was found out by the king’s son; of the device he used to calumniate the prince.	275
506	Campeyya Jataka Of a puissant serpent king, who left all his magnificence on the fast-days; how a serpent charmer caught him, and made him dance for show.	281
507	Maha palobham Jataka How prince Woman-hater was tempted to fall by a woman, and finally renounced the world.	290
508	Pancha Pandita Jataka (Maha Ummagga Jataka)	293
509	Hatthi Pala Jataka How a king and his chaplain agreed that if either of them had a son, he should be as a son to the other; how the chaplain had four sons, who grew up rough fellows and robbers, but finally in spite of all attempts to make each king in turn, they renounced the world.	293
510	Ayoghara Jataka How a queen lost two sons devoured up by a goblin, and how the third was protected by being kept in an iron house, and why he renounced the world.	304
	Index of Matters	310
	Index of Names and Pali Words	314
	Volume V
511	Kimchanda Jataka A priest who took brides and gave false judgments is reborn to a state of suffering all day, but because he had dept half a fast day he enjoys great glory throughout the night. His king, who had become an ascetic, is transported by a river nymph to the mango grove where the priest was reborn and hears the story of his alternate misery and bliss.	1
512	Kumbha Jataka How a forester accidentally discovered strong drink and how this led to the evils of drink induced a certain king to abstain from its use.	5
513	Jayaddisa Jataka A female yakkha carries off a royal infant and rears him as her own offspring, teaching him to eat human flesh. In course of time the man eater captures his royal brother but sets him free on the condition that he should returun as soon as he had redeemed his promise to a brahmin. The Kingls son surrenders himself as a vistim in his father stead, and the man eater, who is now recognized as the king’s brother is converted and becomes an ascetic.	11
514	Chaddanta Jataka A royal elephant had two wives. One of them, owing to an imaginary slight, conceives a grudge against her Lord and afterwards, when she is reborn as the favourite wife of a certain king, she pretends to be sick, to have seen in a dream an elephant with six tusks; and in order to recover fromther sickness, she declares the possession of its tusks must be secured for her.	20
515	Sambhava Jataka A King, anxious for a definition of goodness and truth, sends his Brahmin chaplain to consult all the sages of India, and finally obtains the solution of his doubts from a boy only seven years old	31
516	Mahakapi Jataka A husbandman, in looking for his strayed oxen, loses himself in a forest, and falling into a deep pit is rescued by a monkey. The man makes an attempt upon the life of his benefactor, and for his ingratitude is smitten with leprosy	37
517	Dakarakkhasa Jataka See Mahaummagga Jataka	42
518	Pandara Jataka An ascetic worms out from a snake- king the secret wherein his strength lies and betrays him to his enemy, the garuda king. The garuda by means of this secret vanquishes the snake. but through pity sets him free. The snake invokes a curse on the ascetic, who is swallowed up by the earth to be reborn in hell.	42
519	Sambula Jataka A prince is struck with leprosy and retires into a lonely forest, accompanied by his devoted wife, who carefully watches over him. She is rescued by Sakka from an ogre, and though she is suspected by her husband, yet by her virtue and faith she recovers him of his leprosy. He returns to rule over his kingdom but shows no gratitude to his wife.	48
520	Gandatindu Jataka An unrighteous king is reproved by a tree-sprite, and as he travels with his chaplains on a tour of inspection through his dominions many instances of the evil effects of his unjust rule are brought to his notice. Thenceforth the king rules his kingdom righteously.	54
521	Tesakuna Jataka A king finds a nest containing three eggs. When the young birds are hatched from them the king adopts them as his children. They all give him sound advice in the ruling of his kingdom and are promoted to high office in the state.	59
522	Sarabhanga Jataka An archer displays wonderful feats of skill in shooting. He declines the honours offered him by his king and retires to a forest hermitage. Here he gathers around him a great company of disciples solves the doubts of three kings as to the fate of certain notorious sinners, and converts them and a host of their followers to the ascetic life	64
523	Alambusa Jataka An ascetic by his great holiness excites the jealousy of Sakka, who sends down a heavenly nymph ot seduce him. After a temporary lapse. The saint recovers his virtue and attains to a state of ecstasy.	79
524	Samkhapala Jataka After a life of holiness a certain king is reborn in the Naga world. Growing weary of his state of glory he returns as a snake to earth, and would have perished at the hands of a band of ruffians, had he not been rescued by a rich householder traveling that way with a large retinue. The Naga king invites his benefactor to his heavenly mansion and keeps him there in great honour for a whole year, when he too wishes to leave the Naga world, to become an ascetic upon earth.	84
525	Culla Sutasoma Jataka A king is so affected by the discovery of a grey hair on his head that he resigns his crown and resolves to become an ascetic. In spite of the entreaties of his parents, wife, children and friends, he persists in his resolution and together with his family and a great number of his subjects enters on the religious life.	91
526	Nalinika Jataka Sakka, jealous of a holy ascetic, appears to the king of the country and declares that the drought from which the land was suffering was due to the action of this ascetic, and that the only way to remedy this evil was to overcome his virtue.	100
527	Ummadanti Jataka A king is bewitched by the wife of his commander in chief. This officer by a ruse makes the king believe that his guilty secret is generally known, and by his wise counsel persuades him to give up his infatuation	107
528	MahaBodhi Jataka An ascetic finds favour with a king and is preferred to high honour, thereby exciting the envy of the King’s conuncillors, who slander him to the king and lay a plot to kill him. He is saved by a warning from a dog.	116
529	Sonaka Jataka A king after many year is anxious to see again a friend of his early youth who had become a paccekabuddha, and in the form of a song he offers a reward to anyone than can tell him where he is to be found. His friend teaches a little boy a refrain to the song which he is to sing before the king and to claim the promised reward.	127
530	Samkicca Jataka A prince who was eager to succeed to the throne proposes to murder his father. His friend, unable to dissuade him from his purpose, retires from the court and becomes an ascetic. The prince after the murder of his father is filled with guilty fears.	134
531	Kusa Jataka A certain king has no heir but at length by the favour of Sakka, his chief queen miraculously gives birth to two sons. The elder is ill-favoured but supernaturally wise. He only consents to marry when a princess is found exactly like a golden image which he himself had fashioned. The bride is not to look upon her husband’s face by daylight till she has conceived. When she accidentally discovers how ugly his is she leaves him a return to her father’s kingdom. He follows her there and under a variety of menial disguises tries, but in vain, to win her affections.	141
532	Sona Nanda Jataka Two Brahmin brothers become ascetics and watch over their aged parents. The younger on persists in supplying them with unripe fruits, and at length is sent away by the elder brother. The younger one by the help of a powerful king, who he had made victorious over all his rivals, regains his brothers favour and is allowed once more to minister to his father and mother.	164
533	Culla Hamsa Jataka A king of wild geese is caught ina fowler’s snare and deserted by allecvept his chief captain, who refuses to leave him. The fowler is so touched by this devotion that he would have released the captive bird, but they insist on being taken before the kign of the country, and after preaching the low to him the two birds ar eset at liberty and retun home to their kith and kin.	175
534	Maha Hamsa Jataka A queen has dream about golden geese and entreat the king to bring her one. The king has a decoy lake constructed and his fowler at length captures the kign of the geese.	186
535	Sudhabhoj Jataka A rich miser is seized with a great longing to have some rice porridge, and to escape having to give some to any one else he retires into a forest to cook it for himself. Sakka and other gods appear and claim a share of the porridge. The miser is converted by their admonitions, gives away all his money, and becomes an ascetic. He is afterwards called upon to award the prize of virtue to the best of four heavenly nymphs, the daughters of Sakka.	202
536	Kunala Jataka A king of birds for the instruction of his friend, a royal cuckoo, relates many instances he had known, to illustrate the deceitfulness, ingratitude, and immorality of womenkind.	219
537	Maha Sutasoma Jataka A king who had been a yakkha in a former birth, develops a taste for human flesh and has his subjects murdered to supply himself with his favourite food. When his guilt is brought home to him, he refuses to give up his cannibalism and is driven out of his kingdom. He now dwells in a forest and preys upon all travelers that pass that way. At length he captures a king who had been his friend and teacher in early youth, but releases him on the condition that he should return after he has fulfilled a promise that he has made to a Brahmin.	246
	Index of subject Matters	280
	Index of names and Pali Words	283
	VolumeVI
538	Muga Pakkha Jataka A prince pretends to be dumb and incapable. Various means are taken to break through his reserve, but fail for sixteen years. At last, as he is about to be buried, he opens his mouth and discourse on religion to the charioteer.	1
539	Mahajanaka Jataka A prince suspected by his brother. Without reason, rebels against him and kills him. The king’s consort, being with child, fless from the city; her son is brought up without knowledge of his father, but when he learns the truth, foes to sea on a merchant venture.	19
540	Sama Jataka A hunter’s son marries a hunter’s daughter, and both become ascetics. The wife becomes pregnant without human intercourse, and bears a son. The parents are both blinded by snake, and the son attends upon them. A king, coming out to hunt, sees the lad and shoots him with an arrow; but on learning his dutiful affection he repents, and attends upon the parents himself.	38
541	Nimi Jataka A king, on the appearance of his first grey hair, becomes an ascetic. Sakka explains to him that holy life is better than giving alms. Sakka’s charioteer takes him all round the heavens and the hells, and finally brings him to Sakka	53
542	The Khandahala Jataka A king misled by a false judge decrees that all his family shall be put to death in order that he may got to heaven. After various fluctuations Sakka comes to the rescue and saves them.	68
543	Bhuridatta Jataka An ascetic is seduced by a Naga-woman. Afterwards he becomes a king. Scenes in the Naga country are described. He has four sons, one of whom becomes an ascetic. The feud between the Nigas and the Garulas.	80
544	Mahanaradakassapa Jataka A King Questions an ascetic as to the various moral duties. He is himself devoted to pleasure, but his daughter is virtuous and tries to deliver him from heretical beliefs, which is finally effected by the help of Buddha	114
545	Vidhurapandita Jataka Four kings, including Sakka dispute as to which is the most virtuous and they ask a solution from a wise man who decides that they are all equal. The wife of the Naga king is so enchanted at what she hears that she desires the wise man’s heart. The king promises his daughter’s hand to a Yakkha if he will bring the heart. The Wise man asks for three days delay to exhort his family.	114
546	The Maha Ummagga Jataka A story of four pretended wise men and one real wise man, of numerous problems which the four failed to solve and the one succeeded, of many attempts of the four to destroy the one and of his final triumph, including wars, battles, sieges, and the description of a wonderful tunnel full of machinery.	156
547	Vessantara Jataka A prince devoted to giving gifts falls into disrepute through giving a magical elephant. He is banished with is family into forest where he gives away everything he has left, including his two children.	246
	Index	307

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