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Shiva Lingam: An Icon of Cosmic Energy
At the heart of Hindu worship lies the Shiva Lingam, an abstract representation of Lord Shiva. Often found in temples and shrines, it embodies the divine energy and creative power of the universe. This sculpture is more than just an object; it is a portal to connect with the eternal, transformative force that Shiva embodies. A lingam typically consists of three parts: the base, known as the Brahma-pitha, the middle portion known as Vishnu-pitha and the upper part, the Shiva-pitha. These three are representative of the Holy trinity of Gods - Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva respectively.
This exquisite piece features a Shiva Lingam, gracefully adorned with a Mukha, the face of Lord Shiva, providing a more personal and relatable form to the abstract symbol. The addition of the Mukha allows devotees to focus on Shiva’s benevolent and compassionate aspects.
The Nagas' Protective Embrace
Adding to the magnificence is the five-headed Naga (serpent), gracefully arching over the Lingam. In Hindu mythology, Nagas are powerful serpentine deities, often associated with protection, fertility, and cosmic energy. Their presence here symbolizes the Kundalini energy, the primal life force residing at the base of the spine, and Shiva's control over it.
One of the most famous stories involving the Naga is the tale of Vasuki, the serpent king, who offered himself as the rope in the Samudra Manthan, the churning of the cosmic ocean. This event led to the emergence of Amrita (the nectar of immortality) and Halahala (poison). Lord Shiva consumed the poison to save the universe, holding it in his throat, which turned blue – thus earning him the name Neelakantha (the blue-throated one). The Nagas, therefore, are seen as intrinsic to Shiva's stories and his cosmic role. The five headed naga represents the five basic elements of nature.
Artistry in Copper and Gold
This stunning sculpture is meticulously crafted from copper, a metal revered for its conductivity and auspicious qualities. The entire piece is then gilded with 24 Karat gold, adding a layer of divine radiance and preciousness. The gold not only enhances the aesthetic appeal but also imbues the sculpture with a sense of sacredness and reverence.
This small sized statue, measuring 7.0 x 3.5 x 4.0 inches, is perfectly sized for personal shrines, meditation spaces, or as a captivating addition to any art collection. Each detail, from the serene expression on Shiva's face to the intricate scales of the Naga, is rendered with exceptional skill and devotion. It serves as a reminder of the divine presence in our lives, inviting peace, protection, and transformative energy.
How are Nepalese copper statues made?
Nepalese statues and sculptures are best known for their unique
small religious figures and ritual paraphernalia for over two
thousand years. These are mainly cast in copper alloy. Nepal draws
influences from the artistic styles of Buddhism and Hinduism, and
therefore the sculptors of the country specialize in making the
icons of both these religions. Over the years, Nepalese sculptures
evolved into their own distinctive iconography. Some
characteristic features of these sculptures that differ from other
pieces are exaggerated physical postures, youthful and sensual
features, languid eyes, wider faces having serene expressions, and
ornate flourishes. The Buddhist deity icons of Nepal have
tremendous demand in countries such as China and Tibet for ritual
purposes in their temples and monasteries.
Nepalese statues and sculptures have a high copper content and
therefore develop a slightly reddish patina on the surface as they
age. However, the most unique feature of Nepalese copper statues
is their decorative detailing. The pieces are heavily gilded and
sometimes inlaid with semi-precious stones. This embellishment
protects them from getting tarnished. The traditional lost-wax
method for casting Nepalese copper statues remains the most
practiced technique in Nepal for many centuries. This process
involves many steps and requires skilled artists.
The first step in lost-wax sculpting is to make a wax replica of
the desired Buddhist deity to be cast in copper. This replica is
created by hand and therefore needs excellent artistic skills
otherwise fine features will be lacking.
Once the wax replica is made, it is then coated with a special
mixture of clay with a brush. This layer of clay is hardened when
left to dry. A small hole is made on the base of the wax mould so
that the wax flows away when it is heated.
At this stage, a hollow mould in the shape of the deity is
obtained.
This is the time to pour liquid copper into the hollow mould which
is then allowed to cool and harden inside a container of cold
water. When the liquid metal has hardened, the mould is removed
and the statue within is revealed.
The artist works on the details of the statue using various tools.
It is then polished to get a shiny and lustrous surface.
Now comes the most important part of Nepalese art which is gold
gilding. This is done by the traditional fire gilding method. A
mixture of mercury and 18K gold is applied on the surface of the
statue and heat is applied using a flame torch. The result is that
mercury evaporates along with impurities, leaving a pure 24K gold
finish.
The lost-wax method of sculpting is the most preferred technique
for artists to cast a metallic statue having intricate details.
Since Nepalese copper sculptures require extraneous effort for
giving a majestic look by adding special embellishments, it takes
several weeks to complete one masterpiece. A 24K gold gilded
copper sculpture retains its brilliant luster for many years and
appears as like before. Nepalese sculptures continue to remain one of the finest specimens of the art of the East that have a strong
aesthetic appeal that other sculptures cannot match.