I | Basic Mechanisms | 1 |
I. Airstreams and Mechanisms | 1 | |
2. Articulation | 5 | |
3. Oral-Nasal | 10 | |
4. States of the Glottis | 12 | |
II | Exercises | 14 |
1. Pulmonic Airstream | 14 | |
2. Places of Articulation and Oral Stops | 14 | |
3. Voice-Voiceless | 17 | |
4. Fricatives | 18 | |
5. Tremulants | 25 | |
6. Laterals | 30 | |
7. Mixed Manners of Articulation | 31 | |
8. Vowels | 41 | |
9. Glottal Stop and Creaky Voice | 48 | |
10. Glottalic Airstream | 51 | |
11. Velaric Airstream | 60 | |
12. Aspiration, Breathy Voice, and Whisper | 63 | |
13. Voiceless Consonants and Vowels | 67 | |
14. Nasals and Nasalization | 71 | |
15. Vowel and Consonant Length | 77 | |
III | Review Exercises | 81 |
I | Basic Mechanisms | 1 |
I. Airstreams and Mechanisms | 1 | |
2. Articulation | 5 | |
3. Oral-Nasal | 10 | |
4. States of the Glottis | 12 | |
II | Exercises | 14 |
1. Pulmonic Airstream | 14 | |
2. Places of Articulation and Oral Stops | 14 | |
3. Voice-Voiceless | 17 | |
4. Fricatives | 18 | |
5. Tremulants | 25 | |
6. Laterals | 30 | |
7. Mixed Manners of Articulation | 31 | |
8. Vowels | 41 | |
9. Glottal Stop and Creaky Voice | 48 | |
10. Glottalic Airstream | 51 | |
11. Velaric Airstream | 60 | |
12. Aspiration, Breathy Voice, and Whisper | 63 | |
13. Voiceless Consonants and Vowels | 67 | |
14. Nasals and Nasalization | 71 | |
15. Vowel and Consonant Length | 77 | |
III | Review Exercises | 81 |