Festivals & Rituals Articles: Explore Traditions, Customs & Spiritual Significance

The Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, UNESCO’s global decision-making body for cultural traditions, officially added Deepavali to its Representative List. As global news and Indian leaders, including PM Modi, celebrate this declaration, let us look at what it means to be included in UNESCO’s list of intangible heritage.

The story begins in the time of the gods when the Samudra-Manthan was taking place. The “Amrita Kumbha” or pot of nectar that emerged from the churning of the ocean, is said to be in the hands of Indra, Vishnu as Mohini, or Garuda (as per different sources) when a few drops trickled on the earth, marking the 4 spots where Kumbha Mela takes place. According to some traditions, Indra’s son Jayant is believed to have transported Amrita to heaven, a journey that took him 12 days, which in human time is equal to 12 years, establishing the tradition of Kumbha Mela.

The Puranas narrate the story of Narakasura, beginning with the abduction of the Earth goddess, Bhudevi by the demon Hiranyaksha. To protect Bhudevi, Sri Vishnu takes the incarnation of Varaha, one of the Dashavatars, and plunges into the depths of the great ocean. The boar-faced god brings Bhudevi to the surface, raising her on his tusks, a divine vision for the gods and humans who rejoice. During this rescue, a few drops of Varaha’s sweat fall on Earth (some sources tell that it was the piercing of Varaha’s tusk into the earth), as a result of which, Bhudevi bore Varaha’s son, named Bhaumasura (Bhauma- belonging to Bumi, a title of Mangala Graha, who is also the son of the earth goddess).

Lord Ganesha is the prominent deity of prosperity and wisdom in Hinduism, making his depictions significant throughout India. The devotion of Ganesha is not just limited to Hinduism but widely extended to Jains, Buddhists, and even beyond India. Ganesh Chaturthi is an auspicious 10-day festivity marking the birth of an elephant-headed deity best known as Lord Ganesha. Every year, Ganesha’s birth is celebrated for 10 days straight during which 4 major rituals Prana Pratishtha, Shodashopachara, Uttar puja, and Visarjan are performed. In these festivities, Ganesha deities are made of clay often decorated with fresh flowers and dainty lights set up in homes and even on public stages known as Pandals. Prana Pratishtha is conducted along with ritual mantras that are chanted to seek blessings from lord Ganesha. Ganesha Mantras are Sidhi Mantras, each containing specific powers of Lord Ganesha. When Chanted with proper devotion will lead the devotee with abundance, success, and prudence.

Celebrate Rath Yatra 2026 on July 16 in Puri, Odisha. Discover its rituals, meaning, chariot construction & history of Lord Jagannath's grand procession. India, the land of festivals is host to many colorful celebrations and the most grand of these is the Rath Yatra in Puri. It is hosted in honor of Lord Jagannath, his brother Lord Balabhadra, and their sister Devi Subhadra. They are the deities who reside in the Lord Jagannath temple in Puri, Odisha. The festival involves devotees pulling the chariots of the deities. Thousands of devotees participate in the Lord Jagannath Rath Yatra.

Baisakhi Festival is one of the most important festivals in Sikhism and Punjab. Celebrated every year on 13 or 14 April, it marks both the Sikh New Year and the harvest season. The day is especially significant because Guru Gobind Singh Ji founded the Khalsa Panth in 1699 at Anandpur Sahib. Through the creation of the Panj Pyare and the Five Ks, Baisakhi became a symbol of courage, equality, faith, and unity. Discover the meaning of Baisakhi Festival, the formation of the Khalsa Panth, the Panj Pyare, and why this day matters in Sikh history.

The day of Ganesha Chaturthi begins with the arrival of Ganapati or Pranapratishtha. The image of Ganesha is established in the home of the Puja-pandals (especially in Maharashtra and adjoining regions) and welcomed with devotional zeal. Then, the Shodashopchara (shodasha- sixteen, upchar-ritual offerings) starts, in which 16 forms of prayer and worship are offered to the Lord. As the day of departure approaches, the devotees prepare Bappa with Uttar-Puja, for the last part of the rituals, which is the Visarjana.

Dhanteras festival also known as 'Dhantrayodashi' or 'Dhanvantari Triodasi' is one of the most momentous festivals of India. On this festival Goddess Laxmi is worshiped to bestow her devotees with good fortune and success in life. On the special event of Dhanteras, articles made of Gold or Silver or even a new utensil are purchased as a sign of good luck. The auspicious occasion of Dhanteras holds an important place in Business community of India and celebrated with utmost divinity and enthusiasm. As the festival of Dhanteras is observed two days before Diwali, it also marks the beginning of grand festivity.

The article on Diwali provides an overview of the festival, often referred to as the Festival of Lights, celebrated by millions across India and beyond. It explores the historical and mythological origins of Diwali, particularly the return of Lord Rama to Ayodhya after defeating Ravana. The majestic Indian festival season has already begun. No matter where we reside in this vibrant country and what faith we adhere to, if there’s one festival that truly ties us together, it’s Diwali. While most other festivals are celebrated in certain regions or are specific to a certain zone in the country, Diwali is celebrated widely across the expanse of India.

Lord Ganesha, one of the most revered deities in Hinduism, is widely known as the remover of obstacles and the god of wisdom, knowledge, and new beginnings. With his distinct elephant head and large belly, Ganesha embodies profound spiritual symbolism, inspiring millions across the world. From ancient scriptures to modern practices, his presence continues to guide devotees in personal growth, problem-solving, and mindfulness. Discover the life and symbolism of Lord Ganesha, the remover of obstacles and god of wisdom. Learn about his origins, festivals like Ganesh Chaturthi, and how his teachings inspire success, mindfulness, and personal growth today.

"Rigorous fasts, temples thronged by crowds of devotees....assimilates two widely different facets, though both, positive and creative: one, purely spiritual in which reflects man’s desire for achieving ends beyond this birth, and the other, a desire to seek in this birth itself world’s all colours, freedom from ills and good for all....The Mahabharata, the great epic, is considered as the earliest to allude to the Devi with absolute specificity....Revered as the ultimate divine power capable of destroying every evil and every wrong, nurturing good and sustaining life in whichever form it exists....The Divine Female, and perhaps she alone, has the power to choose any form as her vehicle and conduct her powers through it....The major role of the Devi consists in leading to light out of darkness; the festival is hence Nava-Ratri: nine nights, not days."

"Light is the endless celebration, the man’s as also nature’s....The so far known earliest text that alludes to celebrating a night with multitudinous lights – a kind of the festival of light, is the Kama-Sutra by sage Vatsyayana....Some astrological studies have established that the day of Rama’s return to Ayodhya was the same as the one on which Dipawali is celebrated....The Skanda Purana links Dipawali celebrations with the destruction of the demon king Bali and Vishnu’s incarnation as Vamana, the Dwarf....celebrations stretch into a group of at least five minor festivals and thus Dipawali is a festival of composite nature. The first of them is Dhana-Terasa....Lakshmi is unanimously revered as the presiding deity of Dipawali.... Dipawali begins its rituals with the joint worship of Lakshmi and Ganesh, one representing the primordial energy and the other who channeled it into creative process by controlling detriments."