that the market economy has come to occupy a centre piece, a pivotal role and unassailable and unchallengeable status in the realm of economic thought and operation. Same economists of international repute and Nobel Laureates such as Stiglitz had always been vociferous against the efficacy of market economy or capitalism. These were the two contending and warring ideologies. Gandhian thought had not been accorded any recognition in the modern economic thought but after the collapse of the market economy as represented by the subprime mortgage crisis of the U.S.A which has triggered worldwide meltdown, even votaries of unadulterated capitalism are advocating nationalisation though they argue for its temporary phenomenon and call it pre-market economy nationalisation. In this context Gandhian economic thought becomes not only relevant but calls for its immediate implementation in order to wriggle out of the current crisis. Gandhian approach does not use the time worn vocabulary like capitalism or socialism but states its position candidly. It advocates production for consumption. The basic needs of the people should be ascertained and quantified and production of goods should only go to the meeting of those needs and nothing more. There should be no production for greed. Production should veer round satisfaction of the basic needs of man. Hence, Gandhian approach undermines the basic assumption and goal of capitalism.
Another approach of the Gandhian thought hinges on the fact that we should not overexploit natural resources. If aggression is committed against nature, she is bound to react and take revenge. Modern production causes environmental degradation and pollution and if Gandhian technique of production be adopted, this problem of pollution evaporates. Hence this book which deals extensively and in depth the various aspects of Gandhian economic thought is bound to be of tremendous interest to not only to lay citizen but also to highly placed scholars, policymakers and reputed economists. Gandhian economic thought is relevant because it solves the problems raised by the modern economic frameworks.
The book has been divided into eight chapters. The first chapter is an introductory and deals with research techniques used for the study. The second chapter examines the Gandhian concept of rural development. The third chapter presents the Gandhian concept of socialism and features development of Indian rural society. The fourth chapter delineates the Gandhian concept of economics relating to Indian rural society. The fifth chapter presents a review of Gandhian techniques experienced in India during Gandhi's life time in sixth chapter the relevance of the Gandhian approach to rural development has been discussed. In seventh chapter findings of the testing of Gandhian hypothesis in selected village have been presented. The last chapter contains summary and conclusion. Hence this book proves to be most relevant for those researchers and readers who are interested in Gandhian studies.
In completion of this book we are indebted to a host of scholars and writers who have contributed in different ways to the subject matter of the problem. There is a long list of academicians to whom we are indebted, more specifically our father Late Dr. G. D. Jha, former Member, Bihar Public Service Commission and a renowned Professor of Philosophy for his constant enquiry and encouragement. ment. We are also thankful to our children who bore us most patiently and peacefully during writing of this book.
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