The object of this book is to provide a simple introduction to the Indian systems of philosophy. Each one of these systems has had a vast and varied development and cannot be treated adequately in a brief work like this. Attempt has been made to introduce the reader to the spirit and outlook of Indian philosophy and help him to grasp thoroughly the central ideas rather than acquaint him with minute details. Modern students of philosophy feel many difficulties in understanding the Indian problems and theories. Their long experience with university students has helped the authors to realise these, and they have tried to remove them as far as possible. This accounts for most of the critical discussions which could otherwise have been dispensed with. The book has been primarily written for beginners. The first chapter which contains the general principles and basic features of Indian philosophy, as well as a brief sketch of each system, gives the student a bird's-eye view of the entire field and prepares him for a more intensive study of the systems which are contained in the following chapters. It is hoped, therefore, that the book will suit the needs of university students at different stages, as well as of general readers interested in Indian philosophy. It will serve the needs of B.A. Pass students who may be required to have a brief general acquaintance with Indian philosophy as a whole, as well as those of Honours students who may be expected to have a more detailed knowledge of one or more systems. It is the firm conviction of the writers that Reality is many-sided and Truth is manifold; that each system approaches Reality from one point of view or level of experience, and embodies one aspect of Truth. They have tried to approach each system with sympathy and justify it, rather than dismiss it with a customary criticism. They believe that a sympathetic insight into the great systems will enable the student to grasp their truths more easily and give him a sound philosophical outlook. While an attempt has been made to bring out the significance of Indian views in terms of modern Western thought, care has always been exercised to preserve their distinctive marks, such as their spiritual and practical outlook, their recognition of the different levels of experience. The authors are grateful to Dr. Syamaprasad Mookerjee, M.A., D.Litt., B.L., M.L.A., Vidyāvācaspati, Barrister-at-Law, ex-Vice-Chancellor, Calcutta University, at whose suggestion the work was undertaken, and to Sir S. Radhakrishnan, Kt., M.A., D.Litt., George V Professor of Philosophy, Calcutta University, Spalding Professor of Eastern Religions and Ethics, Oxford University, who has very kindly gone through the manuscript and made valuable suggestions. They are also indebted to Professor Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya, M.A., with whom they discussed some of the problems treated here and received much light and guidance. They are grateful also to the authorities of the Calcutta University, and especially to the Registrar, the Superintendent of the Press and his energetic colleagues, for the publication of the work.
NOTE TO STUDENTS; The paragraphs which occur in small type in this book are meant for more advanced students and may be omitted by beginners. The attention of students is specially invited to the select bibliography given at the beginning of each chapter. Reference to it will explain the abbreviation of the names of books found in the foot-notes.
Satishchandra Chatterjee (also spelled Satischandra Chatterji) was a highly distinguished Indian philosopher, author, and the former Head of the Department of Philosophy at Calcutta University. He is globally celebrated for his immense contributions to academic philosophy, particularly for making complex classical Indian thought highly accessible to students and general readers worldwide.
Dhirendra Mohan Datta (1898-1974) was an eminent Indian philosopher, writer, and academician. He served as a Professor of Philosophy at Patna College under Patna University. Datta is widely recognized for making complex Indian philosophical traditions accessible to global audiences while building bridges between Eastern and Western thought.
An introduction by Indian Philosophy by Satischandra Chatterjee and Dhirendramohan Datta is widely considered one of the most authoritative, accessible, and seminal textbooks on classical Indian thought. First published in 1939 by the University of Calcutta, this work was specifically crafted to bridge the gap between ancient Eastern metaphysics and Western philosophical frameworks for university students and general readers alike.
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