About the Book
Prasuri Tantra, an integrated part of Kournara-bhrirya which is one of the Ashtangas, describes everything about pregnancy and child birth. Brihat-trayi, Laghu-trayi and Kashyapa Samhita described every aspect of pregnancy & child birth like antenatal care, natal knowledge with techniques with postnatal care and perinatal care.
Observing Rajasvala-niyama, net being exposed to Garbhopaghatakara bhavas, Pumsavana described in Samhitas may provide sufficient ground in preventing pathological conditions of pregnancy. Role of Garbha-sambhava-samagri and Shad-bhavas in pregnancy is complete in its concepts and preconceptional upgrading of these elements leads to Shreyasi-praja - is a precious contribution of Ayurveda.
Even though brief, the knowledge of Beeja (Spermatozoon & Ovum), Kshetra (The endometrial bed of un-vitiated uterus), Ritu (The fertile period), Aparya parha (Genital tract) as described in Samhitas is precise and the preparation of these elemen rs for better progeny is commendable. The role of Sattva (the psyche) in making of psychological attitudes and potentialities of fetus described in Ayurvedic texts is in completion with the present knowledge of child psychology. The version of Sarrnya has opened long back the avenue of immunological concepts related with pregnancy e.g. Acceptance of zygote by endometrium etc. Garbhini paricharya (ante-natal care of pregnant woman), Garbhini sadvritta (code of conduct of pregnant woman), Garbhini lakshana, Garbhini pariksha etc. are described on the grounds of available contemporary knowledge.
About the Author
Born on 19.07.1963 in Vijayawada, A.P., the author has completed the graduation from Anantha Lakshmi Government Ayurveda Medical College, Warangal in the year 1985. She worked as faculty member in the Government-aided Mohta Ayurvedic College in Rajasthan and later on finished her post graduation from Government Ayurveda College, Hyderabad in 1993. She is meritorious throughout her carrier. She served as Assistant Professor, Professor & P.G. Professor in N.K.]. Ayurveda Medical College, Bidar from 1993 to 2002 and has joined the S.D.M. College of Ayurveda, Udupi and P.G. Professor since then.
She is scholarly teacher, research worker, clinician and compassionate social worker and is also the author of the books ‘Neurological Concepts in Ayurveda’, ‘PreConceptional Care in Ayurveda’ and ‘A Text Book of Gynaecology (Streeroga- Vijnan)’. She is the editor of annual bulletin themed on surgical aspects of Ayurveda ‘Soushruti’ and one of the organizing secretaries of’Soushruti-97’ an international seminar and many CME programmes. She is associated with different universities and national institutes in Ayurveda as examiner, P.G. examiner, Ph.D. guide and presented papers and chaired many national and international conferences and published many research papers.
Foreword
The classical Ashtanga Ayurveda though does not include the subject of ‘Prasuti Tantra’ as an independent clinical specialty, the ‘Kaumara Bhritya’ specialty in essence covers the concepts and the details of obstetrics, gynecology and pediatrics. The subject matter of Prasuti . Tantra and Stree-roga (obstetrics and gynecology) is found scattered in classical literature in various texts like Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita Kashyapa Samhita, Harita Samhita and Vagbhata. It is seen in recent decades that newer specialties in Ayurveda have come up to meet the needs of the current education and clinical practice and Prasuti Tantra is one important specialty being developed on these lines. The concept of ‘Shreyasi praja’ i.e. well formed fetus with good physical, psychological, intellectual and spiritual endowments is a ma- ‘or contribution of Ayurvedic literature to the science. Bhava Mishra very comprehensively described the product of embryo as which means that the embryo is formed from the combination of Pancha mahabhuta, Sattva, Rajas, Tamas, Indriya and Bhutatma. Such highly evolved scientific thoughts, which go beyond the scope of present day modern science offer a challenge for research and its applicability.
The book Prasuti Tantra is written as per the needs of CCIM curriculum and the author has presented the subject matter in eleven sections. It is commendable that an elaborate and extensive reference material from different classical texts and commentaries is quite aptly presented systematically under each chapter. It is also noteworthy that relevant modern medical literature is presented in the book which makes it more useful for the reader.
I hope that the text book will be very useful for under graduate and post graduate students, academicians, practitioners and researchers. I congratulate Dr. V.N.K. Usha for authoring a detailed text book on Prasuti Tantra and hope that few more books on the subject including recent research in the field may also come from the experienced academician.
Preface
Reproduction is one of the basic requirements of any species to continue its existence on the universe. In comparison to lower species of mammals human reproduction is still complex, phase wise and pro- longed intricate procedure, starting from ovulation in females and spermatogenesis in males and concluding with the expulsion of fetus and placenta. Female human physiology invests a lot of energy, discipline and momentum and spends its physical, psychological and emotional energy depots.
Any simple deviation in this intricate, finely calculated series of events can lead to drastic pathological conditions, ego A little bit of drop of morula in its travel, in to the lower segment can lead to placenta previa or a little delay in cell division can lead to monosomy.
Ayurveda, the extract of all the Vedas dreams about “Shreyasi praja” (a well formed fetus with physical, psychological, intellectual and spiritual endowment who can serve the self and the society). It dreams about Kala-prasava (Full term delivery), Sukha-prasava (easy delivery) Yoni-gadheekarana, Kukshi-hrasa and Puarnaveekarana of sutika (post partum trimming of vagina, abdomen and rejuvenation of delivered woman).
Ayurveda advises about specific vihara during pregnancy apart from food recommendations (Masanumasika Garbhini Paricharya). It restricts few physical, psychological and social activities (Garbha- upaghatakarbhavas). It mentions simple remedies for minor ailments like Grabhini-vamana and discusses in vast about major ailments. As it describes about Prasava (normal delivery), it also gives elaborate notes on Mudhagarbha and its varieties and elaborates medical and mechanical treatments apart from maneuvers and surgery. It is not an exaggerated statement that the maneuvers described in Mudhagarbha chikitsa and Apara sanga are still in practical use with no or slight modifications in procedure but with major modifications in nomenclature.
It is not that Ayurveda converses only about experienced visible practical problems, its intuition about physiological and bio-chemical considerations at cell level is also commendable. Concept of Satmya stands well in contemporary advanced research as acceptance of zygote by maternal immune system. Role of Sattva (The Psyche) as Garbhakara-bhavas specifies about importance of non-stressful psychological condition during pregnancy which is a burning problem in present generation young, educated, working mothers.
This much knowledge hidden in Samhitas should be periodically analyzed in the form of books by various authors in the vision of their own practical experience and learnt contemporary information. Projecting the interior soul of Samhitas is book writing; and if written according to syllabus is text book writing.
I feel happy to share my little understanding about Prasuti Tantra, a part of Samhitas in the form of text book written according to modified CCIM syllabus.
Although this book has been written according to U.G. CCIM syllabus, it may also prove to be useful for P.G students.
Contents (Volume I)
Section 1
Stree Sharira Vijnan
Chapter 1
Vayo-vivechanain Stree
3-6
Chapter 2
Stree Shoroni (Female Pelvis)
7-26
Chapter 3
Shroni Mapana (Pelvimetry)
27-29
Chapter 4
Beeja Granthi (The Ovaries)
30-34
Chapter 5
Garbhashaya (The Uterus)
35-42
Chapter 6
Beejavaha Srotas (Fallopian Tube; Oviduct)
43-44
Chapter 7
Yoni (The Vagina, Kolpos)
46-49
Chapter 8
Stana (The Breasts)
51-55
Chapter 9
Strree-peshi
56-59
Section-2
Rajo Vijnan
Rajotpatti
63-65
Rajah Pravritti (Menarche)
66-69
Ritu-Chakra (Menstrual Cycle)
72-81
Artava-Vaha Srotas
84-92
Rajasvala
94-97
Ritumati
98-102
Section 3
Garbha Vijnan
Garbha Paribhasha (Definition of Garbha)
105-106
Garbhadhana & Purva-Samyoga Vidhi
107-111
Garbhavakranti
113-131
Garbha Sambhava Samagri (Factors Essentials for Conception)
132-143
Garbhakara Shad-bhavas
144-149
Panchabhautika Composition of Garbha
150-156
Garbha Linga-nirmana & Nishchaya (Sex Differentiation & Determination)
158-174
GGarbhasya Avayavotpatti (Organogenesis)
175-192
Garbha Vriddhi (Development of Fetus)
193-211
Chapter 10
Role of Pancha Mahabhutas in Varnotpatti of Garbha (Origin of Complexion in Fetus)
220
Chapter 11
Garbha Pashana (Fetal Circulation & Nutrition)
223-232
Chapter 12
Garbha Samsthiti (Attitude)
233-236
Chapter 13
Fetal Skull
238-239
Chapter 14
Garbha Vikriti (Fetal Deformities)
240-276
Chapter 15
Investigations in Fetal Deformities
277-285
Chapter 16
Apara (Placenta)
288-293
Chapter 17
Placental Physiology & Hormones
295-297
Chapter 18
Apara Vikriti (Pathology of Placenta)
304-306
Chapter 19
Garbha Nabhi-nadi (Umbilical Cord)
307-312
Chapter 20
Jarayu (Fetal Membranes)
314-317
Chapter 21
Jarayu Dosha
318-325
Chapter 22
Garbhodaka (Amniotic Fluid)
326-330
Chapter 23
Garbhodaka Vikriti-1 (Polyhydramnios)
331-337
Chapter 24
Garbhodaka Vikriti-2 (Oligohydramnios)
338-342
Section-4
Garbhini Vijnan
Garbha Lakshana
345-355
Pumsavana
357-363
Masanumasika Paricharya
366-381
History Taking in Pregnancy
382-385
Antenatal Care
390-407
Garbhopaghatakara Bhavas (Factors Responsible for Damaging the Fetus)
408-417
Dauhrida
418-420
Garbhasrava & Garbhapata
421-431
Threatened Abortion
432-435
Inevitable Abortion
436-443
Missed Abortion
444-445
Habitual Abortion
448-462
Septic Abortion
464-467
Treatment of Garbhapata
468-482
Garbha Vyapad
485-497
Garbha-kshaya
498
Intra-uterine Growth Retardation
499-507
Antarmrita Garbha
508-521
Mithya Garbha (Pseudocyesis-False Pregnancy)
525-524
Rakta-Gulma
525-535
Hydatidiform Mole
538-541
Sthanantara-gamana Garbha (Ectopic Pregnancy)
543-552
Bahu- apatyata (Multiple Pregnancy)
554-563
Rh Incopatibility
564-568
Contents (Volume II)
Section-5
Garbhini Vyapad
Garbhini Vyadhi
3-5
Garbhini Vamana
6-7
Garbhini Shopha
8-10
Garbhini Atisara
11-16
Kikkisa
17-19
Garbhini Pandu (Anaemia in Pregnancy)
20-30
Garbhini Jwara
31-41
Prasava-purva Raktasrava (Antepartum Haemorrhage)
42-52
Antepartum Haemorrhage
53-62
Dauhridaja & Doshaja Chardi
64-69
Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy
70-75
Eclampsia
80-91
High Risk Pregnancy
92-95
Section-6
Prasava Vijnan
Prasava (Normal Labour)
99-113
Different Stages of Labour
109-113
Prasava Paricharya
114-124
Normal Labour
125-144
Care During the Labour
146-167
Jatamatra Paricharya
169-175
Section-7
Prasava Vyapad
Viprasava (Abnormal Delivery)
179-191
Kalatika Prasava (Post-mature Labour)
192-194
Vilambita Prasava (Delayed Labour)
197-199
Induction & Augmentation
200-208
Cephalopelvic Disportion (CPU)
209-211
Garbha-klesha/Avasada (Fetal Distress)
212-217
Mudha Garbha 1
218-229
Mudha Garha 2
230-233
Asamyaga-agata Mudha Garbha
234-252
Viguna-apana-mohita Garbha
254-259
Mudhagarbha Chikitsa Siddhanta
261-269
Garbha Shalya Nirharana
271-291
Post- operative Management after Extraction of Mudhagarbha and Sutika-Paricharya
292-295
Mudha Garbha Nirharana (Forceps & Ventouse Delivery)
296-307
Muladhara Chedana (Episiotomy)
308-313
Udar-patana-purvaka Garbha-Nirharana
314-322
Apara-Sanga
324-332
Prasavottara Raktasrava (Postpartum Haemorrhage)
333-344
Garbhini Klesha/Avasada (Maternal Distress)
346
Uterine Inversion
347-351
Abhighata (Injuries to Perineum, Cervix, Vagina)
354-359
Amniotic Fluid Embolism
360-362
Section-8
Sutika Vijnan
Sutika
Puerperium
365-378
Section-9
379-386
Sutika Vyapad
Sutika Roga
393-402
Sutika Jwara
408-430
Sutika Vyadhis
431
Sutika Makkalla (After Pains)
433-434
Section-10
Stanya Vijnan
Stanya-kshaya
439
Breast Milk Production
440-445
Stanya & Ashta-vidha Ksheera Doshas
446-454
Section-11
Appendices
Appendix 1
Shock & Septicemia
Appendix 2
Pharmaco-therapeutics of Durgs in Obstetrics
Appendix 3
The Pre-natal Diagnostic Technique
Appendix 4
The Medical Termination of Pregnancy
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