The importance of Vyakarana in Sanskrit is well-known. It is the science which treats the language systematically. especially the Sanskrit language. Right from the Vedic period till modern date, a large number of scholars have written a number of books on Sanskrit grammar. As a general trend prevelant throughout in India and abroad it is only the Paninian System which is propularly studied and taught. About rest of the systems of Sanskrit grammar not much has come to light though at a given time these systems must have attained popularity. The SAMKSIPTASARA Vyakarana by Kramadisvara of 10th century is an important treatise on Sanskrit grammar among non-paninian systems. Each and every grammarian who belonged to these systems has contributed in his own way to simplify the grammatical rules.
I feel pleasure in congratulating Dr. R.S. Saini who has engaged himself in preparing and editing the texts of the majors Post-Paninan systems along with the authentic commentries there on. He has brought out every good edition of Samksiptasara' Vyakarana of Kramadisvara alongwith its Rasavati-Vrtti by Jumaranandi and Vivarani Tika by Pt. Goyicandra. He has added a scholarly introduction to it. I hope the world of scholars will appreciate and encourage his endeavour so that he may continue giving many more such ware-works from his pen.
The importance of studying Sanskrit grammar is evident from the numerous references found in the Nirukta, the Brahmanas, the Astadhyayi of Panini the Mahabhasya of Patanjali, the Vakyapadiya and hundreds of other grammatical works. The essence of all these references is that sanskrit vyakarana signifies the science which treats the Sanskrit language systematically aiming at teaching the rules for correct use of Snaskrit language. Right form the works of Yaska, Panini, and Patanjali which date form 8.00 B.C. onward, upto the modern times, the efforts of every scholar of Sanskrit grammar have been to teach the basic fundamentals of Sanskrit grammar in the shortest possible maner to his students. This whole tradition of teaching Sanskrit Vyakarana can be classified under the following three categories based on the time factor:
1. Pre-Paninian systems. 2. Paninian system. 3. Post-Paninian systems. So far as the first category is concerned, we come across only the stray references in Nirukta and the Aştādhyāyī. As works prior to that period of Panini, are not available to us, not much can be said with certainty about these works except that these works undoubtedly not only laid the foundations of shaping the studies of Sanskrit vyakarana as vedanga but also paved the path for Panini, Katyayana and Patanjali to produce the matchless works known as the Astadhyayi and in particular has preserved the Mahabhasya which has preserved also the varttikas by Katyayana. The works by Panini, Katyayana and Patanjali along with the numerous commentries and subcommentries belong to the Paninian system. Later on numerous writers contributed to the treasure of Paninian system till the 17th century of Christian era.
To the third category of works belong those systems of Sanskrit grammar the authors of which got inspiration from the Ainrdra-Vyakarana, and who chose to adopt a different channel, known nowdays as post-Paninian system.
The Samksiptasara-Vyakarana, written by Kramadisvara belongs to the Jaumara School of Sanskrit grammar. It is an admitted fact that Jumaranandi, the formost celebrated contributor to this school, came after Kramadisvara, styled as Vadindra Cakaracudamani in the colophons, given at the end of each pada of the Samksiptasara-Vyakarana. Because of this very fact Dr. S.K. Belvelkar was justified in declaring this school as a misnomer. Nothing with certainty is known of Kramadisvara’s parentage and nativity. Only the very name Samksiptasara indicates that it was perhaps an epitome or an abridgment of some larger work, written perior to the prakriya works and the Siddhanta Kaumudi. Not being sure about the original larger work, Aufrect has placed Kramadisvara anterior to Bopadeva, though Colebrooke has placed him immediately after. Lack of any reference from the Naisadhiyacaritam undoubtedly leads us to fix the exact date of the compoition of this vyakarana certainly prior to Sriharsa.
Dr. S.K. Belvelkar, while giving the special features of the Jaumara school to which the Samksiptasara belonged, has stated that Kramadisvara seems to have composed his grammar on the model of Bhartrhari's Mahabhasyadipika and he has taken most of the illustrations from the Bhattikavya. The work meant as an epitome of the Astadhyayi, is about three fourth as large as that work. The changes brought into by Kramadisvara were confined to the rejection of a few superfluous or difficult rules of Panini and the adoption of a different mode of arrangement. The work is divided into seven padas and the eighth dealing with Prakrta, being added later on. In the mode of systematising the grammatical material, as also in accuracy and method, the works/systems of Vopadeva and others certainly can be compare favourably with this grammar, which may be due to its being perhaps the first of its kind. Still it is not altogeher lacking in correct reasoning. The erudition displayed by Kramadisvara is far in advance, found in other popular grammatical works of that period.
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