Good nutrition is a basic component of health. It has prime importance in normal growth and development and in maintenance of health throughout the life (Park, 1986). Health and nutrition an indispensable aspect of most concerned environmental studies. Health represents a balanced relationship between body and mind and complete adjustment to the total environment. So, health is not merely a medical matter but a social goal too.
Nutrition especially Malnutrition, with its complex links with mental growth and development and immunity mechanism of the body are certainly worldwide concern. Nutrition is a necessary first step in the improvement in quality of life. Thus, a study of all the factors that determine human health, nutrition & happiness is therefore a prerequisite in the formulation of an optimal spational organization of health care activities which in turn, is responsible for bringing up high level of social welfare. In this way, it has brought the study of nutrition to the forefront of national and international concern.
Health and Nutrition is an indispensable aspect of most concerned in the medical geography. Health represents a balanced relationship between body & mind. To achieve good health balanced diet is necessary.
Nutrition is one of the prime factors that affect the body's immune system. Both under Nutrition & malnutrition are the main factors, causing high mortality rate not only in India but in all developing countries. About three fourth population living in rural areas of our country mainly depend upon primary activities and suffer from malnutrition and related diseases. (World Bank 1975). A large section of people in India is inadequate in calorie, protein, vitamins and minerals; many of them unable to meet their nutrient requirement for various reasons that ultimately expose them are to severe health disorders. It is an established fact that long term nutritional deficiency lead to low birth rate/weight babies, and growth retardation among children. Therefore the study related to Nutritional aspect has become more important and relevant in the recent years. Such studies are not only exposing the real story of area regarding health & nutrition but also plays a vital role to prepare a plan of improvement of Nutritional status and health.
In rural Chhattisgarh region, most of the population face the problem of Nutrition especially among the children, because of poverty, and off course subsistence type of rainfall based traditional agricultural practice. Their condition with regards to food consumption, availability and production is far from satisfactory. The yield from their lands does not fulfill the need to their food requirement throught the year. As a result, PCM, Anemia and other deficiencies are the common health problem of the study region.
With this conceptual background the present study is an attempt to study the nutritional status and other health problems of the rural segment of the study region Mungeli.
Review of Literature
Nutritional studies have been carried out by many of the geographers In India under the study branch of medical geography, since last five decades, The work in this field initiated by stamp (1960). He calculates the consumption of energy through Standard Nutrient Unit (SNU) with reference to old region of Western Europe. In India studies have been carried out in Aligarh Muslim University by Mohd. Shafi (1967, 1983 and 1989). In his study attempt has been made to correlate the field produces and nutrition level of the local people.
Vasant Devi (1964) studied the influence of the physical factor on crop production and further discussed the nutritional problem in India Kayasth (1967) in his study, deals with the population and food resources availability. The work on nutrition and deficiency diseases in relation to environment of U.P. has been completed by Siddique (1971).
Gopalan, the pioneer name of the nutritional studies, prepared diet flowchart of India (1979)& Research paper on availability of vitamin A deficiency through dietary improvement (1972), Numeric value of Indian food items (1972, 1993). Women and Health are the eminent work of Gopalan, Akhatar (19..) also conducted the various study in the field of Nutrition. Choubey (1977) studied the Nutritional deficiency diseases in Malwa Region. Choubey, Tiwari P.D. (1989) too have studied the nutrition in Tribal area.
Pant (1992) Conducted many studies in Himalayan-Kumaon Region In his study an attempt has been made to correlate socio economic status and Nutritional status of Kumaon region.
Other Eminent work which has been carried out in the field of Nutrition in different part of the India include Agrawal (1968), Saxena (1968), Krishan (1970), Tiwari (1988, 88, 89, 90, 91) Dubey & Mishra (1989) Sharma (1989), Gopalan & Kaur (1989, 1993), Kashyap & Sharma (1995), Mishra (2008) etc. Besides, these studies National health Survey, NFHS, provide data on Nutrition & health status of the population in different part of India.
From above discussion, it is clear that very few studies were carried out in the Chhattisgarh. Considering the trend and emerging need in the present study, an attempt has been made to analyze the nutritional level of rural population that resides in Mungeli block of Bilaspur District.
Object of the Study
The main objectives of the present work are-
(1) To, assess the nutrient intake and food consumption pattern of the study region.
(2) To analyse the nutritional deficiency in village wise and income group wise.
(3) To calculate the Body Mass Index (BMI) for the study of malnutrition among the overall population.
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