About the Book
The Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan Civilization, thrived around 2600 to 1900 BCE in present-day Pakistan and northwest India. It was one of the world's earliest urban cultures, notable for its advanced city planning, including grid-pattern streets, drainage systems, and well-planned buildings. Major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro showcased sophisticated architecture and public structures.
The people engaged in agriculture, trade, and craftsmanship, producing beads, seals, and pottery. They used a yet-to-be-deciphered script and had a socially organized society with evidence of both religious practices and economic prosperity. The Indus Valley's decline around 1900 BCE remains a mystery, possibly due to climate change or shifts in river patterns.
Despite its collapse, the civilization's legacy influenced later cultures in South Asia.
Foreword
The lectures on the prehistoric civilization of the Indus Valley were delivered at the University of Madras in 1935 being the third of the series of Sir William Meyer lectures. The subject of the Indus Valley Civilization has been dealt with in exhaustive publications of the Archaeological Survey of India to all of which I am indebted, particularly to Sir John Marshall's volumes on Mohenjo-Daro and Dr. E. J. H. Mackay's "Further Excavations" and also the smaller work on the Indus Civilization. For Harappa I have referred to the work of Mr. M. S. Vats which is now being publish-ed by the Department in a comprehensive monograph. As to the conclusions about human and animal remains I am indebted to the work of Dr. B. S. Guha and Dr. B. Prasad respectively. It is satisfactory for me to be able to place my views about the Indus civilization before the public as I had the privilege of working in the initial stages of the excavations at Mohenjodaro. It has not been possible for me to devote as much attention to the work as I should have liked to do owing to my multifarious duties. I crave the indulgence of the reader in this avowedly imperfect attempt to place a summary of the work done in this fascinating field.