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Theory of Avatara and Divinity of Chaitanya

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Theory of Avatara and Divinity of Chaitanya

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Specifications

	Publisher: Atlantic Publishers And Distributors Pvt. Ltd.
	Author Janmajit Roy
	Language: English
	Pages: 302
	Cover: HARDCOVER
	9x6 inch
	Weight 490 gm
	Edition: 2002
	ISBN: 9788126901692
	HCC615

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Book Description

About the Book The present book is a comprehensive and comparative study of the origin and development of the concept of Avatara in the theological and biographical literature of India: Vedic, Sanskrit, Pali and Bengali. It seeks to understand the incarnated divinity of Chaitanya (1486-1533) and the socio-religious and psychological factors responsible for his apotheosis during his life-ine. The study also shows how the concept of Avatara, though un-Vedic in origin, has absorbed many Vedic elements of solar myth and natural allegory, has synthesized various elements from the epico-puranic tradition and has ultimately blossomed forth as an eclectic theory in the Bengal school of Vaisnavism. It further shows that both Vaişņavism and the concept of Avatāra owe their origin to Krşņa Vasudeva, the great synthesizer of the Aryan and non-Aryan cultures in ancient India and ascribes the theoretical development of the concept of Avatara in the medieval period to various attempts of interpreting Chaitanya's life and personality. In this study, Avatāravāda does not merely remain to be a theological doctrine, but turns out, on in-depth scrutiny, to be also a method of analysis and interpretation of both history and its maker with stress on synthesis and syncretism. The study dwells upon many relevant topics like relationship between Avatāravāda and Vyūhavāda, psychosomatic symptoms of Avatarahood zoomorphism and mythic elements in the stories of the ten incarnations of Vişnu, historical significance of the episode of Kalki and chronology of the mytho-historic Avataras with the help of the puranic calendar of the four ages. About the Author Janmajit Roy received his Ph.D. degree from the Gauhati University in 1989. A poet and essayist apart, he has been a keen researcher since his joining Karimganj College, his Alma Mater as a lecturer in the department of Bengali, which he now heads. His researches cover a wide range of subjects like the Ramayana, ancient Indian chronology, historiography of Bengali literature in south Assam, modern Bengali poetry, Bengali orthography and astrology.

Preface The present book is the outcome of a study undertaken in the quincentenary year of Lord Chaitanya with a view to understanding his Avatärahood or incarnated divinity in the light of the theory of Avatara in the post-Vedic Hinduism and, more particularly, in the Bengal Vaisnavism. Trying to trace the concept of Avatara in its various phases of development in the Vedic and the Sanskrit epico-purāņic literature, the un-Vedic heretic literature and, finally. the theological and biographical literature of the Bengal Vaisnavism provides the scope of a comparative study of a key concept of Hinduism. It further enables us to launch a comparative study of the lives and works of the historical Avatāras like Räma, Krsna, the Buddha and Chaitanya breaking new ground and opening new thematic vista in the field of comparative literature. It is only in Hinduism that the ideas of Avatara, germs of which are faintly rooted in the Vedic solar myths and natural allegories, have evolved through the centuries in order to assume finally the form of an eclectic theory. Different aspects of this theory, manifested in the Bhagavadgita, the Pancarätra texts, the epico-purāņic literature and the Bhagavata Purana in particular, have been assembled together to form an organic whole in the Bengal school of Vaisnavism. Harmonization of different scattered ideas into an organic whole is due mainly to the synthetic outlook. which Avatāravāda represents. An essential spirit of synthesis and syncretism is reflected in the life and works of an Avatära and so also in the theory of Avatara. In our land of too many ethno-linguistic communities and conflicting ideas, a common bond of unity as also a wider identity was but a desideratum. The Avatäras like Rāma, Krşņa, the Buddha and Chaitanya served this historical purpose. It is too much simplistic to see in the theory of Avatāra merely the deification of human heroes.

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