"The Vedas unfold their mysteries....While this mantra speaks metaphorically, the very next mantra spells this out clearly....How can a sane person address a plant, or call out to a piece of stone to hear what he is saying?....It is mentioned in the Mahabharata that a yogi, who has acquired supernatural powers....It is this unknown fact which the Vedas acquaint us with....Such a method seeks to reconcile apparently conflicting statements, not discarding even a single Vedic sentence."
स्वयं भगवान कृष्ण द्वारा बोले जाने वाले सम्वाद होने के कारण, यह मंत्र और साथ ही साथ श्रद्धा- सूत्र भी हैं । क्या कोई कल्पना भी कर सकता है कि लगभग 5100 साल पहले, कुरुक्षेत्र के मैदान में महाभारत युद्ध लड़ने के लिए तैयार दोनों सेनाओं के लाखों सैनिकों के बीच, सर्वशक्तिमान भगवान श्री कृष्ण के मुख से निकली यह दिव्य, अलौकिक वाणी है जो अर्जुन को सुनाई गई थी। सबसे रहस्यमय, विचित्र और अकल्पनीय !! श्रीमदभगवदगीता उपनिषदों का सार है। गीता में भगवान ने अर्जुन को अपना समग्र रूप दिखाया है। किसी की भी उपासना करें, सम्पूर्ण उपासनाएँ समग्ररूप में ही आ जाती है। गीता का यही भाव है। गीता ‘ सब कुछ परमात्मा है ’- ऐसा मानती है और इसी को महत्व देती है।
पुराण शब्द ‘पुरा’ एवं ‘अण’ शब्दों की संधि से बना है, जिसका शाब्दिक अर्थ -‘पुराना’ अथवा ‘प्राचीन’ होता है । ‘पुरा’ शब्द का अर्थ है - अनागत एवं अतीत । ‘अण’ शब्द का अर्थ होता है - कहना या बतलाना अर्थात् जो पुरातन अथवा अतीत के तथ्यों, सिद्धांतों, शिक्षाओं, नीतियों, नियमों और घटनाओं का विवरण प्रस्तुत करे। सूर्य की किरणों की तरह पुराण को ज्ञान का स्रोत माना जाता है। जैसे सूर्य अपनी किरणों से अंधकार को हटाकर उजाला कर देता है, उसी प्रकार पुराण अपनी ज्ञानरूपी किरणों से मानव के मन का अंधकार दूर करके सत्य के प्रकाश का ज्ञान देते हैं। सनातनकाल से ही जगत् पुराणों की शिक्षाओं और नीतियों पर ही आधारित है।
The Ramayana is one of the most significant works of Indian literature, alongside the Mahabharata, and also very significant in Hinduism. The epic poem was the work of Maharishi Valmiki, who wrote it in Sanskrit. While the exact year it was written is unknown, many scholars believe that it was likely not written any earlier than 300 BCE. Not much is also known about Valmiki himself. However, it is believed that he may have been a thief who was named Ratnakara. He then evolved into a sage and become known as Valmiki, the poet who is renowned for his epic work creating the Ramayana.
The central question of human life has remained the same for as long as we have walked the earth. What should I do? As humans, we are able to think about our actions. We are able to ask ourselves about the meaning of these actions, understand likely outcomes, and grasp how our actions will affect others. That is an amazing power, but with it comes a tremendous burden of responsibility. And we seem to arrive on earth with no idea what to make of that responsibility. As if we were living life for the first time, we blunder about, learning hard lessons as we go, and rarely committing these lessons to memory. This confusion around what we should do is not new. And from the earliest moments of human existence, great thinkers have worked hard to understand the solution. The Indian subcontinent provides us with perhaps the clearest answer to our questions. It’s magnificent spiritual contribution to the human race includes in it the concepts and stories we need to resolve this confusion and move forward in our lives with clarity. It is in this tradition that we receive the concept of dharma, and we get a grand narrative that presents all the examples we will ever need to understand the role of dharma in our lives and the universe as a whole. We just need to listen.
The depth of the faith people have in the Vedas is amazing. This is not restricted to India where such a faith is universal, expressed one way or the other. Even in foreign lands we see many men and women diligently trying to establish Vedic traditions in their native places. It is obvious that there is no penalty for them for not following the Vedic rules; even then, they continue to work hard to try and obey them. The roots of the Vedas are thus too deep and tenacious to be judged only summarily.
Upanishads, literally, “to sit near” (one’s teacher or Guru or a learned personality), in Indian tradition are a group of literature belonging to the Vedanta (the end of the Vedas), which describe the divine Vedic knowledge in an explanatory tone.
It is a collection of several books (18 to 108 and more), the wisdom of great sages on matters of samsara (world flow), presenting knowledge that removes agyaan or ignorance and paves the way to the supreme truth. Upanishads contain discussions on the material and metaphysical nature of the world and can be seen as the seeds of Hindu philosophy as we know it today.
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